{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:32:35Z","timestamp":1747186355314,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J intellect Disabil Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder associated with a wide spectrum of cognitive impairments that can often result in impaired academic, social and adaptive functioning. However, studies investigating TSC have found it difficult to determine whether TSC is associated with a distinct cognitive phenotype and more specifically which aspects of functioning are impaired. Furthermore, children with TSC living in low\u2010income and middle\u2010income countries, like South Africa, experience additional burdens due to low socio\u2010economic status, high mortality rates and poor access to health care and education. Hence, the clinical population of South Africa may vary considerably from those populations from high\u2010income countries discussed in the literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive neuropsychological battery composed of internationally recognised measures examining attention, working memory, language comprehension, learning and memory, areas of executive function and general intellectual functioning was administered to 17 children clinically diagnosed with TSC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The exploration of descriptive data indicated generalised cognitive difficulties in most cognitive domains, aside from memory. With only two participants performing in the average to above\u2010average ranges, the rest of the sample showed poor verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, processing speed, disinhibition, and problems with spatial planning, problem solving, frustration tolerance, set shifting and maintaining a set of rules. Furthermore, correlational findings indicated several associations between socio\u2010demographic and cognitive variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Importantly, this is the first study to comprehensively examine multiple domains of neurocognitive functioning in a low\u2010resource setting sample of children with TSC. Current study findings showed that children with TSC have generalised impairments across several cognitive domains, rather than domain\u2010specific impairments. Therefore, although examining individual aspects of cognition, such as those found in previous literature, is important, this approach is limiting. With a comprehensive assessment, including understanding the associations between domains, appropriate and directed support can be provided to ensure all aspects of development are addressed and considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.13009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T05:33:01Z","timestamp":1676439181000},"page":"427-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determining the neurocognitive profile of children with tuberous sclerosis complex within the Western Cape region of South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7437-0176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. 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