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Research on people with intellectual and developmental disabilities has established the importance of self\u2010determination for quality of life outcomes, such as increased independence and life satisfaction. However, self\u2010determination has not been characterised specifically in fragile X syndrome (FXS), the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability. Relative to youth with other forms of intellectual and developmental disabilities, youth with FXS may face exceptional barriers to the development of self\u2010determined behaviour. In addition to intellectual disability, the FXS behavioural profile is characterised by high rates of autism and anxiety that may further limit opportunities for youth with FXS. The heritable nature of the condition can also yield a distinctive family environment, with siblings and parents also living with fragile X or its associated conditions. Considering these unique challenges, the present study examined self\u2010determination in young adult males and females with FXS and explored whether factors such as language skills, adaptive behaviour and autism traits were associated with self\u2010determination capacity and opportunities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study included 9 females and 36 males with FXS between the ages of 17 and 25\u00a0years. Caregivers (mothers or fathers) completed the American Institute for Research Self\u2010Determination Assessment, which is a questionnaire that yields three scores: self\u2010determination capacity, opportunities for self\u2010determination at home and opportunities for self\u2010determination at school.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caregivers endorsed a wide range of self\u2010determination capacity and opportunities, with ratings for opportunities at home and school exceeding ratings of capacity. Better adaptive behaviour skills were associated with more self\u2010determination capacity, and the presence of more autism traits was associated with fewer opportunities at school.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results from this study contribute to our understanding of avenues to best support young adults with FXS as they transition to adulthood. Our findings also have implications for practice, such that interventions targeting adaptive behaviours and self\u2010determination may be an effective approach for promoting autonomy and independence for young adults with FXS. Additionally, caregivers and educators should continue to provide opportunities to practise self\u2010determination, regardless of their perception of capacity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.13182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T01:09:29Z","timestamp":1723511369000},"page":"1316-1330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Description and predictors of self\u2010determination in males and females with fragile X syndrome on the verge of adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7279-0820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of South Carolina  Columbia SC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1903-4345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of South Carolina  Columbia SC USA"},{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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