{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T05:40:42Z","timestamp":1765777242179,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J intellect Disabil Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with intellectual disability are often reported to be overrepresented in prison populations and to have higher recidivism rates compared to those without intellectual disability, although these patterns vary substantially between countries and jurisdictions. Receiving post\u2010release disability support services have been associated with reduced recidivism, most likely through mechanisms such as improved housing stability, mental health and social integration. This study aimed to further this literature by exploring predictors of receiving disability support after release from prison in adults with intellectual disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analysed linked health and administrative data from New South Wales, Australia, to identify predictors of post\u2010release disability support. Discrete\u2010time survival analysis was used, incorporating variables such as age, gender, Aboriginal status and comorbid conditions. Insights from lived experience consultants with intellectual disability and incarceration histories were integrated to enhance our understanding of the findings and implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1868 individuals with intellectual disability were released from custody in New South Wales between 2005 and 2015 and included in this study. Of these, 49.1% received disability support services in the year following release. Older age, mental illness and substance use were associated with a lower likelihood of receiving support, whilst autism, history of self\u2010harm and higher socio\u2010economic status were linked to increased support. These findings are evident of \u2018cycling\u2019 (repeated incarceration), \u2018complexity\u2019 (overlapping needs), \u2018acuteness\u2019 (health service contact) and \u2018resources\u2019 (social and financial) effects in shaping access to post\u2010release support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings reflect the challenge presented by the complex needs of those with intellectual disability who are justice\u2010involved. The harmful and perpetuating nature of repeated incarceration for those with intellectual disability must be recognized and responded to. Targeted release planning is needed to improve disability support service receipt, particularly for those who have served long or repeated sentences and those with complex co\u2010occurring mental health needs, with financial and social resource enhancement being ideal additional targets for intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T14:55:38Z","timestamp":1763218538000},"page":"76-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictors of Receiving Disability Support Services After Release From Prison in Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Population\u2010Based Linkage Study From New South Wales, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0142-3251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane\u00a0Ye\u00a0In","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8278-626X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Trofimovs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Intellectual Disability Health University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hulya","family":"Sinmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6252-1368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preeyaporn","family":"Srasuebkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Intellectual Disability Health University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Snoyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corrective Services NSW  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Hampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network NSW  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2679-2769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2900-223X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel\u00a0R.\u00a0C.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Western Sydney University  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1022-8052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Reeve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7685-2977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian\u00a0N.","family":"Trollor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Intellectual Disability Health University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/270718"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.2019. \u201cPrisoners in Australia.\u201d Accessed October 7 2024.\u00a0https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/crime\u2010and\u2010justice\/prisoners\u2010australia\/2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.2023. \u201cThe Health of People in Australia's Prisons 2022.\u201d Accessed October 7 2024.https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/prisoners\/the\u2010health\u2010of\u2010people\u2010in\u2010australias\u2010prisons\u20102022\/data."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10383441.2014.1000218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jppi.12039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854820964834"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867413492220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102788.2012.01621.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13642987.2018.1485653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"Doyle C. S.Dodd H.Dickinson S.Yates andF.Buick.2022. \u201cThe Boundaries Between Australian Disability Services and Prisons.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/20420921211305873"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119316268.ch13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215\u20100366(16)30142\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130390"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2008.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja18.00266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10345329.2023.2245592"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10683160903392285"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bld.12076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07263869400035241"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2013.837154"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1745\u20109125.12213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11292\u2010022\u201009547\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","unstructured":"McCausland R. E.Baldry S.Johnson andA.Cohen.2013. \u201cPeople With Mental Health Disorders and Cognitive Impairment in the Criminal Justice System Cost\u2010Benefit Analysis of Early Support and Diversion.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743719862980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12374"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","unstructured":"Office of the Inspector of Custodial Services.2024). \u201cPeople in Custody With Intellectual Disabilities.\u201d Office of the Inspector of Custodial Services. Accessed October 7 2024.https:\/\/www.oics.wa.gov.au\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2024_07_19\u2010Intellectual\u2010Disability\u2010FINAL\u2010v2.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pellicano S. A. L. A. Pearce A. C. Campbell R. Shuttleworth andS. A. Kinner.2025. \u201cHealth and Incarceration Research In Australia: A Scoping Review.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.thelancet.com.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2025.101500"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102019\u2010031624"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2005.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102788.2001.00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/105381519301700309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12836"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/26338076221087461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AIA\u201011\u20102015\u20100023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12078"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674241271916"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852919001056"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intellectual Disability Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jir.70058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T05:38:23Z","timestamp":1765777103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jir.70058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jir.70058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jir.70058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0964-2633","1365-2788"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0964-2633"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2788"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}