{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T07:07:43Z","timestamp":1789369663041,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J intellect Disabil Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with learning disabilities experience persistent health inequalities, including poorer physical and mental health, lower levels of physical activity, higher rates of obesity and reduced access to appropriately adapted health promotion interventions. Arts\u2010based and digital approaches are increasingly explored to support wellbeing and health\u2010related behaviour change; however, the extent and characteristics of the existing evidence have not yet been clearly mapped or synthesised. This scoping review aimed to map the range, characteristics, accessibility features and reported outcomes of arts\u2010based, digital and related lifestyle interventions for adults with learning disabilities, with particular attention to how intervention design may support engagement, participation and health improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A scoping review was undertaken in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported using PRISMA\u2010ScR guidance. Nine databases were searched from inception to 27 July 2025: AMED, ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, Emcare, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science. Backward citation searching of included studies was also undertaken. Eligible studies included adults aged 18\u2009years and over with learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities or developmental disabilities and examined arts\u2010based therapies, arts\u2010in\u2010health activities, digital interventions or accessible lifestyle interventions targeting health, wellbeing or health\u2010related behaviour. Data were charted using a structured form informed by the TIDieR framework. Findings were synthesised descriptively and through narrative and thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria. Five broad categories of intervention were identified: arts\u2010based therapies; arts\u2010based activities delivered in health or community contexts; digital interventions; physical or behavioural programmes without arts or digital components; and hybrid interventions combining arts\u2010based and digital elements. Arts\u2010based therapies most commonly targeted emotional wellbeing, expression, confidence and social connection, whereas digital interventions more frequently focused on physical activity, diet, weight management and self\u2010management. Across intervention types, engagement was consistently influenced by accessibility adaptations, including simplified communication, visual supports, repetition, flexible pacing, facilitator support and carer involvement. Reported outcomes were generally positive, particularly in relation to wellbeing, participation and health\u2010related behaviours. However, confidence in these findings is limited by small sample sizes, short follow\u2010up periods, heterogeneous outcome measures and variable reporting quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review suggests that arts\u2010based and digital interventions offer complementary but rarely integrated approaches to improving health and wellbeing in adults with learning disabilities. Arts\u2010based interventions tend to foreground relational, expressive and identity\u2010affirming processes, whereas digital interventions more commonly mobilise structured behaviour change techniques. Future work should move beyond parallel development of these traditions and test more integrated, coproduced and accessibility\u2010led intervention models. Stronger evaluative designs, clearer reporting and more explicit attention to implementation context will be essential to build a more actionable evidence base.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.70174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T06:49:56Z","timestamp":1789368596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arts\u2010Based, Digital and Related Lifestyle Interventions to Improve Health and Wellbeing for Adults with Learning Disabilities: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7526-8077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Carne\u2010Watson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Fatts Lane Centre Tees Esk Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust  Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8534-4264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"Bourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northgate Hospital Cumbria, Northumberland Tyne &amp; Wear NHS Trust  Morpeth UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2181-8202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Drinnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside University  Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2942-7193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Sykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communities and Education, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing Northumbria University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5498-2300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Tuschick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Psychological Science Teesside University  Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Milner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Camphill Village Trust  Whitby UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3994-8507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grant J.","family":"McGeechan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Psychological Science Teesside University  Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Fatts Lane Centre Tees Esk Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust  Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9988-1288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bethany","family":"McNab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northgate Hospital Cumbria, Northumberland Tyne &amp; Wear NHS Trust  Morpeth UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2166-3300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma L.","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside University  Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2025.100198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/16094069231223926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01","volume-title":"JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis","author":"Aromataris E.","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.30574\/ijsra.2025.16.2.2446","article-title":"Designing Inclusive Interfaces: Enhancing User Experience for People With Disabilities Through Adaptive UI Accessibility Principles","volume":"16","author":"Atata R.","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1569609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Dramatherapy and Learning Disabilities: Developing Emotional Growth, Autonomy and Self\u2010Worth","author":"Bourne J.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2016.1153052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi5030376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/26931"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.022483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"Doherty A. 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