{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T16:48:58Z","timestamp":1783788538073,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]],"date-time":"2015-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["25293458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25293458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Japan Journal Nursing Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>Intimate partner violence (IPV<\/jats:styled-content>) causes serious health problems, which could be life\u2010threatening to pregnant women and their babies. Despite several IPV<\/jats:styled-content> studies in J<\/jats:styled-content>apan, the screening timeframe for IPV<\/jats:styled-content> during pregnancy remains unclear. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of IPV<\/jats:styled-content> among Japanese women before and during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A survey was conducted at a hospital's outpatient clinic in N<\/jats:styled-content>agano, J<\/jats:styled-content>apan, during O<\/jats:styled-content>ctober through D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2011 and M<\/jats:styled-content>arch through J<\/jats:styled-content>uly 2012. The V<\/jats:styled-content>iolence A<\/jats:styled-content>gainst W<\/jats:styled-content>omen S<\/jats:styled-content>creen (VAWS<\/jats:styled-content>) questionnaire was distributed to 93 eligible women and 84 (89.5%) agreed to be assessed for the occurrence of IPV<\/jats:styled-content> before and during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The mean VAWS<\/jats:styled-content> total score before pregnancy was 1.43 (standard deviation [SD<\/jats:styled-content>]\u2009=\u20091.64; range, 0\u20137), and during pregnancy it was 0.83 (SD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.03; range, 0\u20136), and was significantly different (t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.98, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001). In addition, more women experienced IPV<\/jats:styled-content> prior to pregnancy (34.9%) than during pregnancy (20.7%). All women who screened positive during pregnancy were also positive before pregnancy. Prevalence of intimate partner physical violence was 4.9% prior to pregnancy and declined to 3.7% during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Even though the prevalence of IPV<\/jats:styled-content> during pregnancy had decreased compared with before pregnancy, all women experiencing IPV<\/jats:styled-content> before pregnancy continued to be victimized during pregnancy. Therefore, IPV<\/jats:styled-content> screening questions should include IPV<\/jats:styled-content> that had occurred a year prior.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.12093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]],"date-time":"2015-07-30T23:52:26Z","timestamp":1438300346000},"page":"189-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Survey of intimate partner violence before and during pregnancy among J<\/scp>apanese women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yaeko","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's Health and Midwifery St Luke's International University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikiko","family":"Imazeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Women's Health St Luke's International Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eriko","family":"Shinohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School St Luke's International University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and birth outcomes: A systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Boy A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Fertility and Women's Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(10)36533-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530480057041","article-title":"Prevalence of violence against pregnant women","volume":"275","author":"Gazmararian J. 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