{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T06:30:13Z","timestamp":1786429813100,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Japan Journal Nursing Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe how experienced psychiatric nurses notice, interpret, and respond to adult inpatients whom they clinically judge to have childhood maltreatment\u2010related attachment difficulties and to clarify the practical reasoning underlying these judgments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven experienced psychiatric nurses from two private psychiatric hospitals in Japan were purposively sampled. Participant observation and semi\u2010structured interviews focused on care of adults clinically understood to have childhood maltreatment\u2010related attachment difficulties. Case identification relied on nurses' clinical judgment and routine team discussions or record information; no standardized attachment assessment or independent verification of childhood maltreatment history was used. Data were analyzed using the steps for coding and theorization (SCAT) method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SCAT generated 54 themes or concepts organized into 10 categories and 24 subcategories. Nurses noticed recurrent relational patterns, including distrust, checking behavior, dependency\u2010aggression cycles, misinterpretation of staff intentions, self\u2010harm, and distress around proximity, and adjusted their responses to stabilize the patient\u2013nurse dyad, avoid re\u2010traumatization, support emotional expression, and coordinate team care. Only a limited subset of subcategories was attachment\u2010specific; many others reflected broader psychiatric nursing practices applied through an attachment\u2010informed lens. A trauma\u2010focused noticing process was visible in nurses' attention to nonverbal cues and early behavioral change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings describe situated clinical reasoning rather than a new diagnostic technique or intervention model. Experienced psychiatric nurses adapted everyday psychiatric nursing practices to relational patterns they understood as childhood maltreatment\u2010related and attachment\u2010relevant. The model may inform education, supervision, and future patient\u2010inclusive research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.70065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:19:48Z","timestamp":1783041588000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychiatric nurses' clinical decision\u2010making for adults clinically judged to have childhood maltreatment\u2010related attachment difficulties: A qualitative\u2009study employing the steps for coding and theorization method"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2363-1177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sho","family":"Nagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Sugiyama Jogakuen University  Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiko","family":"Shinozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing Science University of Human Environments  Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3462928"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/9780826125453"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2011.01712.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"A secure base: Parent\u2010child attachment and healthy human development","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579409990289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840802500691"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20719\/japmhn.KJ00006916776"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781036234386"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579422001146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4079"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20719\/japmhn.18-017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104361"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2000.01288.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733009106654"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19010020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2008.04799.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.13096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12963"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-021-01258-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labor and Welfare. 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