{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T09:39:45Z","timestamp":1792489185871,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K10627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K10627"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Japan Journal Nursing Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine and compare global nursing education content, institutional support, and workload\u2010related factors among nurse educators in Japan and China. \u201cGlobal nursing education\u201d refers to educational interventions that enable nursing students to develop the knowledge, skills, practical experience, and cultural competence needed to provide high\u2010quality care across diverse cultural, social, and healthcare contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional international comparative study was conducted using an online survey between October and December 2023. Nurse educators from 587 universities in Japan and China were invited to participate. Data from 445 educators with experience in global nursing education were analyzed. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with workload in each country.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Educators in Japan delivered a broader range of global nursing education content, whereas Chinese universities provided greater institutional support for educators. Educators in Japan reported higher workloads; however, these differences were largely explained by non\u2010native language use and proficiency, intercultural sensitivity, and institutional support. In Japan, higher intercultural sensitivity, broader global nursing content coverage, and greater perceived institutional support were associated with lower workload, with notable regional variations. In China, more frequent use of non\u2010native languages and employment in western regions were associated with lower workload.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determinants of workload in global nursing education differed across national contexts. Institutional support, intercultural sensitivity, and non\u2010native language\u2010related factors were associated with workload, although the specific patterns varied by country. These findings highlight the importance of considering national and regional contexts when supporting nurse educators involved in global nursing education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.70080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:05:50Z","timestamp":1790391950000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Institutional Support and Educator Workload in Global Nursing Education: A Cross\u2010National Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9682-1739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Congcong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Nursing Development, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo (Former Tokyo Medical and Dental University)  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Nursing Development, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo (Former Tokyo Medical and Dental University)  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6320-4033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuko","family":"Naruse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Niitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing &amp; Health Studies University of Washington Bothell  Bothell Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingyi","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Nursing Development, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo (Former Tokyo Medical and Dental University)  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.965897"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.70072"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.profnurs.2018.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.13403"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"CDC. n.d.\u201cThe social\u2010ecological model: A framework for 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