{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:03:11Z","timestamp":1791385391148,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Microscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Solid\u2010state quantum emitters (QEs) at room temperature are central to emerging technologies in quantum computing, communication, and sensing. These atomic\u2010scale defects require high\u2010resolution spatial and spectral characterisation to study their photophysical behaviour. To address this, we developed a stage\u2010scanning confocal microscopy system optimised for nanoscale mapping and single photon level investigations of QEs in diverse host materials, fully automated and controlled via custom LabVIEW software. The system features high\u2010precision three\u2010axis translation stages with nanometre resolution, enabling accurate spatial scanning. A high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens ensures diffraction\u2010limited optical resolution, while integrated photon\u2010counting modules allow for sensitive detection of photoluminescence signals. The platform supports various spectroscopic measurements, including frequency\u2010resolved and time\u2010resolved photoluminescence. The system incorporates a Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) interferometer for second\u2010order temporal autocorrelation measurements to verify single photon emission. Designed for versatility, the system can accommodate a broad range of QE materials, including organic dye molecules, perovskites, and inorganic semiconductors. Furthermore, the setup enables the study of emission engineering through the manipulation of the local density of optical states, supported by the ability to collect large\u2010scale statistical datasets. Overall, the flexibility and robustness of the platform make it ideal for quantum photonic, supporting fundamental studies and practical device development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmi.70172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:27:39Z","timestamp":1789565259000},"page":"51-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantum optical properties of solid\u2010state defects using stage scanning confocal microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"304","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2416-7406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitesh","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Photonics and Sensing Group Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Ropar  Rupnagar Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5564-7264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajesh V.","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Photonics and Sensing Group Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Ropar  Rupnagar Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe6379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.490091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam9288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.89.187901"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qute.202200059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/ad53db"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ad5dbd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06605-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The development of fluorescence microscopy","author":"Masters B. 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