{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:11:00Z","timestamp":1789726260814,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["390833453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390833453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STRAWBERRYWALLS 358021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STRAWBERRYWALLS 358021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Microscopy"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Plant roots continuously sense and respond to the mechanical signals of their growth environment: root cap function, mucilage secretion, and hormonal regulation jointly adapt root tip mechanics, shaping whether roots penetrate compacted layers or reorient around obstacles. Most current measurements of root mechanical properties require removal of the root from the surrounding medium, triggering mechano\u2010adaptive responses and confounding follow\u2010up observations. Here we present an artefact\u2010aware Brillouin microscopy framework that combines RoPods, a 3D\u2010printed growing and imaging chamber with colocalised Raman microscopy, to enable repeated in situ measurements of root mechanical properties, while retaining growth\u2010induced stresses. As a proof\u2010of\u2010concept application, we show that roots adapt their mechanical properties to different Gelrite concentrations, and characterise methodological biases arising from chamber geometry and sample handling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmi.70173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:01:05Z","timestamp":1789725665000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artefact\u2010aware Brillouin microscopy framework for root mechanical phenotyping"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Timm","family":"Landes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Botany Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole Christian","family":"Hammerschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Botany Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon Pascal","family":"Wallentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Botany Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam Naseer Ud","family":"Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Botany Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Morsbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Botany Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Alonso","family":"Baez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dag","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Botany Leibniz University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiad228","article-title":"Hormone\u2010regulated expansins: Expression, localization, and cell wall biomechanics in Arabidopsis root growth","volume":"194","author":"Samalova M.","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adu8197","article-title":"Calcium\u2010triggered apoplastic ROS bursts balance gravity and mechanical signals for soil navigation","volume":"392","author":"Kulich I.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erg226","article-title":"Root cap removal increases root penetration resistance in maize (Zea mays L.)","volume":"54","author":"Iijima M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs\u20105828617\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0543-3","article-title":"Brillouin microscopy: an emerging tool for mechanobiology","volume":"16","author":"Prevedel R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-023-00286-z","article-title":"Brillouin microscopy","volume":"4","author":"Kabakova I.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Methods Primers"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaf6326"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeb0032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-023-01368-w","article-title":"Brillouin light scattering anisotropy microscopy for imaging the viscoelastic anisotropy in living cells","volume":"18","author":"Keshmiri H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Photonics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2119258119","article-title":"THESEUS1 modulates cell wall stiffness and abscisic acid production in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"119","author":"Bacete L.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63226-1","article-title":"RoPod, a customizable toolkit for non\u2010invasive root imaging, reveals cell type\u2010specific dynamics of plant autophagy","volume":"14","author":"Guichard M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(68)90403-5","article-title":"Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells","volume":"50","author":"Gamborg O. L.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Experimental Cell Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-023-01018-w","article-title":"Low\u2010cost and automated phenotyping system \u201cPhenomenon\u201d for multi\u2010sensor in situ monitoring in plant in vitro culture","volume":"19","author":"Bethge H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-07555-5","article-title":"Micromechanical behavior of the apple fruit cuticle investigated by Brillouin light scattering microscopy","volume":"8","author":"Landes T.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Communications Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-025-01681-6","article-title":"Consensus statement on Brillouin light scattering microscopy of biological materials","volume":"19","author":"Bouvet P.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature Photonics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8492","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c00383","article-title":"RamanSPy: An open\u2010source python package for integrative Raman spectroscopy data analysis","volume":"96","author":"Georgiev D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Analytical Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vibspec.2006.06.001","article-title":"Identification and quantification of valuable plant substances by IR and Raman spectroscopy","volume":"43","author":"Schulz H.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vibrational Spectroscopy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0144-8617(03)00158-9","article-title":"Fourier transform Raman and infrared spectroscopy of pectins","volume":"54","author":"Synytsya A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4671","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-017-1486-4","article-title":"Obtaining pure spectra of hemicellulose and cellulose from poplar cell wall Raman imaging data","volume":"24","author":"Zhang X.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-024-01302-3","article-title":"In\u2010vivo Raman microspectroscopy reveals differential nitrate concentration in different developmental zones in Arabidopsis roots","volume":"20","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez Gonz\u00e1lez A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Methods"}],"container-title":["Journal of Microscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jmi.70173","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jmi.70173","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jmi.70173","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:01:09Z","timestamp":1789725669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jmi.70173"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jmi.70173"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jmi.70173","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2720","1365-2818"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2720","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2818","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jmi.70173"}}