{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:21:33Z","timestamp":1784830893520,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,21]],"date-time":"2015-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008119","name":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008119","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Primatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>iardia duodenalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. in primates and determine their zoonotic or anthropozoonotic potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Direct immunofluorescence was used to identify <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>iardia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> from faecal samples. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> sequencing was performed on positive results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> cysts were identified from 5.5% (5\/90) of captive chimpanzees and 0% (0\/11) of captive mandrills in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>epublic of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ongo; 0% (0\/10) of captive chimpanzees in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orway; and 0% of faecal samples (n<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>49) from wild <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Z<\/jats:styled-content>anzibar red colobus monkeys. Two <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>iardia<\/jats:italic> positive samples were also positive on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>, and sequencing revealed identical isolates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ssemblage <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> oocysts were not detected in any of the samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In these primate groups, in which interactions with humans and human environments are quite substantial, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>iardia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> are rare pathogens. In chimpanzees, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>iardia<\/jats:italic> may have a zoonotic or anthropozoonotic potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmp.12158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,22]],"date-time":"2015-01-22T04:45:51Z","timestamp":1421901951000},"page":"60-65","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Occurrence of <i>Giardia<\/i> and <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i> in captive chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes<\/i>), mandrills (<i>Mandrillus sphinx<\/i>) and wild Zanzibar red colobus monkeys (<i>Procolobus kirkii<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"John J.","family":"Debenham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeca","family":"Atencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The 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