{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T15:49:00Z","timestamp":1764172140666},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,6]],"date-time":"2015-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Primatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The studies on ophthalmic diseases and disorders in a population of rhesus macaques, in particular with free\u2010ranging macaques, are limited mainly by the difficulty in capturing animals and obtaining samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From October 2011 to 2013, prevalence of various ophthalmic affections was recorded and analyzed on the basis of sex, age\u2010group, and disease condition both in urban and peri\u2010urban free\u2010ranging rhesus macaques (<jats:italic>Macaca mulatta<\/jats:italic>) from various locations in Shivalik hill areas of Himachal Pradesh in northern India, as a part of clinical health examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ophthalmic diseases were more prevalent in macaques captured from urban settings than those from peri\u2010urban, and difference between two groups was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Further classification of ophthalmic diseases revealed that traumatic injuries, corneal opacity, and cataract were significantly higher in urban than those in peri\u2010urban macaque (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Similarly, the ophthalmic disorders among different age\u2010groups were also found statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The effect of sex on ophthalmic disorders was not found significant. Overviewing these results, disturbances in environment, close proximity to humans, and increasing age may lead to ophthalmic occurrences in these free\u2010range macaques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmp.12165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,6]],"date-time":"2015-02-06T05:34:14Z","timestamp":1423200854000},"page":"89-96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ophthalmic diseases and disorders in free\u2010ranging rhesus macaque (<i>Macaca\u00a0mulatta<\/i>) of Shivalik hill area of Himachal Pradesh, Northern India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Vipin","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Division Monkey Sterilization Centre Hamirpur HP India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Varun","family":"Sankhyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Genetics &amp; Breeding CSKHPKV Palampur HP 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