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The species is currently found in remaining forests within the region of original occupation of the golden lion tamarin (<jats:italic>Leontopithecus rosalia<\/jats:italic>), which may compromise the survival of the golden lion tamarin. Groups of golden\u2010headed lion tamarins were captured and translocated to Bahia. However, the area chosen reached its limit and males underwent to vasectomy procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animals were separated into 3 groups: S\u2010ketamine and midazolam, S\u2010ketamine and dexmedetomidine, and racemic ketamine and dexmedetomidine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heart rate, sedation and muscle relaxation degrees, antinociception, and lidocaine consumption presented significant difference between midazolam and dexmedetomidine groups. Bradycardia was present on dexmedetomidine groups, with values remaining within the normal range. Dexmedetomidine groups present the best outcomes for muscle relaxation, sedation, and antinociception and were safe for vasectomy surgery in golden\u2010headed lion tamarins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmp.12322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]],"date-time":"2017-11-08T08:44:57Z","timestamp":1510130697000},"page":"101-109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of three chemical immobilization protocols in golden\u2010headed lion tamarins (<i>Leontopithecus chrysomelas<\/i>) undergoing vasectomy surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2949-6850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario A.","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila V.","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Compared Pathology Department of Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Cat\u00e3o\u2010Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Compared Pathology Department of Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria C. 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