{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T11:08:26Z","timestamp":1753182506884,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Primatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Simplexvirus humanalpha1<\/jats:italic> (HuAHV\u20101) are common anthropozoonosis reported in marmosets but rare in howler monkeys (<jats:italic>Alouatta<\/jats:italic> sp.).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Necropsy of two brown\u2010howler monkeys (<jats:italic>A.\u2009caraya<\/jats:italic>) and one red\u2010howler monkey (<jats:italic>A.\u2009guariba clamitans<\/jats:italic>) from different zoo collections were performed. Fragments of all organs were examined through microscopy. Samples were submitted to IHC for <jats:italic>Simplexvirus humanalpha 2<\/jats:italic> (HuAHV\u20102) [sin. Herpesvirus simplex type 2] and PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Grossly, only the <jats:italic>A.\u2009guariba<\/jats:italic> showed liver lesions characterized by multifocal, pinpoint white areas corresponding microscopically as random necrotizing herpetic hepatitis and ulcerative glossitis. Both <jats:italic>A.\u2009caraya<\/jats:italic> showed necrotizing meningoencephalitis with Cowdry A\u2010type body inclusions within neurons and astrocytes. Immunolabeling for HuAHV\u20101\/2 was observed in the tongue, liver, and brain. HuAHV\u20101 was confirmed in all samples by PCR, Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Necrotizing meningoencephalitis was appreciated in 2\/3 of animals, and it is associated with neurologic signs. Along with ulcerative glossitis, a hallmark lesion in marmosets, it was present in one animal. Regarding herpetic hepatitis, it is not frequent in monkeys and occurs mainly in immunocompromised animals. HuAHV\u20101 infection was confirmed corroborating with a human source. This is the second report on captive black\u2010howler monkeys and the first gross, histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular description of herpetic hepatitis and ulcerative glossitis in red\u2010howler monkeys (<jats:italic>A.\u2009guariba<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmp.12670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T03:35:00Z","timestamp":1692675300000},"page":"392-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fatal <i>Simplexvirus humanalpha1<\/i> infection in howler\u2010monkeys (<i>Alouatta<\/i> sp.) under human care: Clinical, molecular, and pathological findings"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1586-1965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna V. 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