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A 4\u2010year\u2010old male rhesus monkey has clinical manifestations including anorexia, weakness, as well as redness and swelling of the right testis and epididymis. Bacterial culture of the urine was positive for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. Due to the antibiotic treatment being ineffective, the animal underwent a right orchiectomy. Postoperative histopathology confirmed necrosis and significant inflammatory cell infiltration, indicating severe acute epididymo\u2010orchitis (EO) caused by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>E.\u2009coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> infection in the rhesus monkey. After surgical treatment and postoperative care, the animal survived. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of acute EO caused by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>E.\u2009coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> in a rhesus monkey. These findings not only enhance our understanding of EO in NHPs but also provide a reference for further biomedical studies of EO induced by <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E.\u2009coli<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jmp.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T06:45:11Z","timestamp":1739947511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute Epididymo\u2010Orchitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> in a Rhesus Monkey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Heling","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine Kunming University of Science and Technology  Kunming China"},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunming Biomed International Ltd.  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