{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:13:03Z","timestamp":1787015583795,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771718400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Primatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Increasing interface zones between long\u2010tailed macaques (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Macaca fascicularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and humans can increase macaques' risk\u2010related behaviors to human safety because of their aggressiveness. In addition, risk to human properties and the environment can occur when they play or search for food and other stuff on vehicles and take trash out from trash bins to find edible items.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to develop a YOLOv8\u2010based detection system for identifying long\u2010tailed macaques and their risk\u2010related behaviors in a university campus, with enhanced robustness through data augmentation and Genetic Algorithm\u2013based hyperparameter tuning to support early warning and deterrent system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8)\u2010based object detection system to identify macaques and recognize risk\u2010related behaviors within a multi\u2010purpose university campus environment. A dataset of annotated images and video frames compiled from on\u2010site observations was supplemented by using data\u2010augmentation techniques such as Mosaic, MixUp, and geometric transformation to improve robustness under varying environmental conditions. Model performance was further improved through Genetic Algorithm (GA)\u2010based hyperparameter tuning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The experimental results show that the system could detect macaques and contextual objects in real\u2010time with strong performance across diverse scenes, even when they were camouflaged or partially occluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings indicate that this approach could be used to provide an automated early warning and deterrent system to help reduce human\u2013macaque negative interaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  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