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Mitochondria (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MT<\/jats:styled-content>), a major source of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> because of their involvement in energy metabolism, are important for brain function. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010generated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> are proposed to be responsible for a significant proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content> and are associated with developmental abnormalities and aspects of cellular aging. The role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MT<\/jats:styled-content> function in cognition of healthy individuals is relatively understudied. In this study, we characterized behavioral and cognitive performance of 5\u2010 to 6\u2010month\u2010old mice over\u2010expressing mitochondrial catalase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCAT<\/jats:styled-content>). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCAT<\/jats:styled-content> mice showed enhancements in hippocampus\u2010dependent spatial learning and memory in the water maze and contextual fear conditioning, and reduced measures of anxiety in the elevated zero maze. Catalase activity was elevated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCAT<\/jats:styled-content> mice in all brain regions examined. Measures of oxidative stress (glutathione, protein carbonyl content, lipid peroxidation, and 8\u2010hydroxyguanine) did not significantly differ between the groups. The lack of differences in these markers of oxidative stress suggests that the differences observed in this study may be due to altered redox signaling. Catalase over\u2010expression might be sufficient to enhance cognition and reduce measures of anxiety even in the absence of alteration in levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]],"date-time":"2013-02-05T14:36:44Z","timestamp":1360075004000},"page":"303-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Enhanced hippocampus\u2010dependent memory and reduced anxiety in mice over\u2010expressing human catalase in mitochondria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Reid H. 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