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Neuropathology and pathophysiology of Friedreich's ataxia involves the peripheral sensory nerves, dorsal root ganglia, posterior columns, the spinocerebellar, and corticospinal tracts of the spinal cord, gracile and cuneate nuclei, dorsal nuclei of Clarke, and the dentate nucleus. Involvement of the myocardium and pancreatic islets of Langerhans indicates that it is also a systemic disease. The pathophysiology of the disease is the consequence of frataxin deficiency in the mitochondria and cells. Some of the biological consequences are currently recognized such as the effects on iron\u2013sulfur cluster biogenesis or the oxidative status, but others deserve to be studied in depth. Among physiological aspects of mitochondria that have been associated with neurodegeneration and may be interesting to investigate in Friedreich's ataxia we can include mitochondrial dynamics and movement, communication with other organelles especially the endoplasmic reticulum, calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, and mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control. Changes in the mitochondrial physiology and transport in peripheral and central axons and mitochondrial metabolic functions such as bioenergetics and energy delivery in the synapses are also relevant functions to be considered. Thus, to understand the general pathophysiology of the disease and fundamental pathogenic mechanisms such as dying\u2010back axonopathy, and determine molecular, cellular and tissue therapeutic targets, we need to discover the effect of frataxin depletion on mitochondrial properties and on specific cell susceptibility in the nervous system and other affected organs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,17]],"date-time":"2013-07-17T09:50:29Z","timestamp":1374054629000},"page":"53-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Mitochondrial pathophysiology in Friedreich's ataxia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Pilar","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Cabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Pr\u00edncipe Felipe Valencia Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC Valencia Spain"},{"name":"CIBER de 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