{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:31:35Z","timestamp":1792798295465,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,31]],"date-time":"2014-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1GS08137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1GS08137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Overseas Associate Programme of Department of Biotechnology (DBT), India","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tjsyq23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n has contributed significantly to the understanding of disease mechanisms in Parkinson's disease (\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) as it is one of the very few\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n model organisms that allow the study of age\u2010dependent behavioral defects, physiology and histology, and genetic interactions among different\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010related genes. However, there have been contradictory results from a number of recent reports regarding the loss of dopaminergic neurons in different PD fly models. In an attempt to re\u2010evaluate and clarify this issue, we have examined three different genetic (\u03b1\n \u2010synuclein<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n Pink1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n parkin<\/jats:italic>\n ) and two toxin\u2010based (rotenone and paraquat) models of the disease for neuronal cell loss. Our results showed no dopaminergic neuronal loss in all models tested. Despite this surprising result, we found additional phenotypes showing the dysfunctional status of the dopaminergic neurons in most of the models analyzed. A common feature found in most models is a quantifiable decrease in the fluorescence of a green\u2010fluorescent protein reporter gene in dopaminergic neurons that correlates well with other phenotypes found for these models and can be reliably used as a hallmark of the neurodegenerative process when modeling diseases affecting the dopaminergic system in\n Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n .\n \n \n image<\/jats:alt-text>\n <\/jats:graphic>\n <\/jats:boxed-text>\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Analyzing three genetic and two toxin\u2010based Drosophila models of Parkinson's disease (PD) through\n green fluorescent protein reporter<\/jats:italic>\n and \u03b1\u2010tyrosine hydroxylase staining, we have found the number of dopaminergic neurons to remain unchanged. Despite the lack of neuronal loss, we have detected a remarkable decrease in a reporter green\u2010fluorescent protein (GFP) signal in dopaminergic neurons, suggesting an abnormal neuronal status that correlates with the phenotypes associated with those PD fly models.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]],"date-time":"2014-07-10T01:57:01Z","timestamp":1404957421000},"page":"369-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Analysis of dopaminergic neuronal dysfunction in genetic and toxin\u2010induced models of Parkinson's disease in\n Drosophila<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Navarro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Zoology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"He\u00dfner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Zoology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarat C.","family":"Yenisetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Nagaland University Lumami Nagaland India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Bayersdorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Zoology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Voigt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Schneuwly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Zoology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Botella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Zoology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412106200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/00294bm10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.007575"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-009-8098-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1602\/neurorx.2.3.484"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11614"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500346102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4239-06.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1443"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04779"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1129462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04543.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05954"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35006074"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20740"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.291179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.04.005.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.07.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04788"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05929.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4778-07.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4777-09.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1096284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0604661103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0218-07.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2010.00205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-380860-8.00001-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501078102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6446(05)03693-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602493103"}],"container-title":["Journal 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