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Therefore, it is necessary to identify molecules that were previously unknown to contribute to epilepsy and its associated disorders. We previously found that the sialyltransferase ST3Gal IV is up\u2010regulated within the neural circuits through which amygdala\u2010kindling stimulation propagates epileptic seizures. In contrast, this study demonstrated that kindling stimulation failed to evoke epileptic seizures in ST3Gal IV\u2010deficient mice. Furthermore, approximately 80% of these mice failed to show tonic\u2013clonic seizures with stimulation, whereas all littermate wild\u2010type mice showed tonic\u2013clonic seizures. This indicates that the loss of ST3Gal IV does not cause TLE in mice. Meanwhile, ST3Gal IV\u2010deficient mice exhibited decreased acclimation in the open field test, increased immobility in the forced swim test, enhanced freezing during delay auditory fear conditioning, and sleep disturbances. Thus, the loss of ST3Gal IV modulates anxiety\u2010related behaviors. These findings indicate that ST3Gal IV is a key molecule in the mechanisms underlying anxiety \u2013 a side effect of TLE \u2013 and may therefore also be an effective target for treating epilepsy, acting through the same circuits.\n<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc12838-fig-0007-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p>Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often becomes refractory, and the patients show a high incidence of psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and depression. We indicate that the loss of sialyltransferase ST3Gal IV protects against TLE in mice, while exhibits decreased acclimation in the open field, increased immobility in the forced swim, and enhanced freezing during delay auditory fear conditioning. These findings indicate that ST3Gal IV is an effective target for treating epilepsy, and is a key molecule in the mechanisms underlying anxiety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,26]],"date-time":"2014-07-26T07:48:49Z","timestamp":1406360929000},"page":"675-687","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sialyltransferase <scp>ST<\/scp>3Gal <scp>IV<\/scp> deletion protects against temporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Paitoon","family":"Srimontri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences Kyoto Sangyo University Motoyama Kamigamo Kita\u2010ku Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging Regulation Research Team Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Itabashi Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiro","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Faculty of Health Science Kyoto Tachibana University Yamashina Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences Kyoto Sangyo University Motoyama Kamigamo Kita\u2010ku Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kurosaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences Kyoto Sangyo University Motoyama Kamigamo Kita\u2010ku Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeyoshi","family":"Itohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics RIKEN Brain Science Institute Wako Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Hirabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Molecular Membrane Neuroscience RIKEN Brain Science Institute Wako Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences Kyoto Sangyo University Motoyama Kamigamo Kita\u2010ku Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience","author":"Bailey K. 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