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However, hydroiodic acid hydrolysis showed that\n LC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NM<\/jats:styled-content>\n produced the same degradation products as were detected in\n SN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NM<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Thus, we needed to develop a new chemical detection method to validate the existence of\n NE<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n LC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NM<\/jats:styled-content>\n . In the present study, we report that\n HC<\/jats:styled-content>\n l hydrolysis of\n LC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NM<\/jats:styled-content>\n in the presence of thioglycolic acid yields new products arising from substitution of the hydroxyl group by thioglycolic acid at the benzyl position of\n NE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and cysteinyl\u2010\n NE<\/jats:styled-content>\n . This is the first chemical evidence showing that\n NE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and cysteinyl\u2010\n NE<\/jats:styled-content>\n are incorporated into\n LC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NM<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n \n \n \n \n image<\/jats:alt-text>\n <\/jats:graphic>\n <\/jats:boxed-text>\n Using the chemical degradation methods for the determination of catechols in neuromelanin (NM), we have shown that dopamine (DA), 3,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylethanol (DOPE), and 3,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) are mainly responsible for the structure of NM from substantia nigra (SN), while norepinephrine (NE), 3,4\u2010dihydroxymandelic acid (DOMA), and 3,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol (DOPEG) are additionally responsible for the structure of NM from\n locus coeruleus<\/jats:italic>\n (LC).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T10:43:28Z","timestamp":1436179408000},"page":"768-776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Norepinephrine and its metabolites are involved in the synthesis of neuromelanin derived from the\n locus coeruleus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Wakamatsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Tabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Ojika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio A.","family":"Zucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Technologies National Research Council of Italy Segrate Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Zecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Technologies National Research Council of Italy Segrate Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shosuke","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901970106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4633"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048490"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(00)00028-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00069a012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"359","article-title":"On the origin and significance of neuromelanin","volume":"103","author":"Graham D. 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