{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T04:49:57Z","timestamp":1789879797369,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERC Advanced Investigator Grant","award":["DHISP 250128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DHISP 250128"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Recombinant adeno\u2010associated virus (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rAAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) vector\u2010mediated gene transfer into genetically defined neuron subtypes has become a powerful tool to study the neuroanatomy of neuronal circuits in the brain and to unravel their functions. More recently, this methodology has also become popular for the analysis of spinal cord circuits. To date, a variety of naturally occurring\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      serotypes and genetically modified capsid variants are available but transduction efficiency in spinal neurons, target selectivity, and the ability for retrograde tracing are only incompletely characterized. Here, we have compared the transduction efficiency of seven commonly used\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      serotypes after intraspinal injection. We specifically analyzed local transduction of different types of dorsal horn neurons, and retrograde transduction of dorsal root ganglia (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) neurons and of neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and the somatosensory cortex (S1). Our results show that most of the tested\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rAAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      vectors have similar transduction efficiency in spinal neurons. All serotypes analyzed were also able to transduce\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      neurons and descending RVM and S1 neurons via their spinal axon terminals. When comparing the commonly used\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rAAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      serotypes to the recently developed serotype 2 capsid variant\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rAAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2retro, a &gt;\u00a020\u2010fold increase in transduction efficiency of descending supraspinal neurons was observed. Conversely, transgene expression in retrogradely transduced neurons was strongly reduced when the human synapsin 1 (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      yn1) promoter was used instead of the strong ubiquitous hybrid cytomegalovirus enhancer\/chicken \u03b2\u2010actin promoter (CAG) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter fragments. We conclude that the use of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2retro greatly increases transduction of neurons connected to the spinal cord via their axon terminals, while the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      yn1 promoter can be used to minimize transgene expression in retrogradely connected neurons of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      or brainstem.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Cover Image for this issue: doi.<\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1111\/jnc.13813\">10.1111\/jnc.13813<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc14124-fig-0008-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,12]],"date-time":"2017-07-12T10:12:34Z","timestamp":1499854354000},"page":"721-733","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Spinal nociceptive circuit analysis with recombinant adeno\u2010associated viruses: the impact of serotypes and promoters"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"142","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1219-6384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Haenraets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Swiss Federal Institute (ETH) Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmund","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helge","family":"Johannssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinnie","family":"Kandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mie","family":"Frezel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Steffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Swiss Federal Institute (ETH) Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Jaramillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Charles","family":"Paterna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Vector Facility University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute (ETH) Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanns Ulrich","family":"Zeilhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Swiss Federal Institute (ETH) Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5075-6269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hendrik","family":"Wildner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Zurich 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