{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:58:52Z","timestamp":1789775932938,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB016121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB016121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Metipranolol is a \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptor antagonist that is given orally for the treatment of hypertension and also applied topically to the cornea for treating glaucoma. It also inhibits nitrosative stress which has previously been shown to be the cause of cone photoreceptor death in retinitis pigmentosa. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that metipranolol protects photoreceptor structure and function in the mouse model\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      . At P35, compared with vehicle\u2010treated\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice in which rod degeneration was nearly complete,\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice given daily subcutaneous injections of 40\u00a0mg\/kg of metipranolol had reduction in markers of nitrosative stress, fewer TUNEL\u2010positive cells, increased outer nuclear layer thickness, and substantially more staining for rhodopsin. This was accompanied by significantly higher mean scotopic and photopic electroretinogram b\u2010wave amplitudes indicating improved photoreceptor function. At P50, metipranolol\u2010treated\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice had decreased 3\u2010nitrotyrosine staining in the retina, increased immunostaining for cone arrestin, a marker for cone photoreceptors, and significantly higher scotopic and photopic b\u2010wave amplitudes at the highest stimulus intensity compared with vehicle\u2010treated mice. At P65, cone density was significantly higher in metipranolol\u2010treated versus vehicle\u2010injected\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice. Metipranolol applied as eye drops promoted cone photoreceptor function in retinas of\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice greater than subcutaneously injected metipranolol. The reduced nitrosative damage and rescue of functional loss of photoreceptors in\n                      <jats:italic>rd10<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice suggests that metipranolol, a drug with established ocular safety and tolerability, may have potential for treating patients with retinitis pigmentosa.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc14613-fig-0008-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]],"date-time":"2018-10-13T07:19:30Z","timestamp":1539415170000},"page":"307-318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Metipranolol promotes structure and function of retinal photoreceptors in the\n                    <i>rd10<\/i>\n                    mouse model of human retinitis pigmentosa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Yogita","family":"Kanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria E.","family":"Lorenc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Chadha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Sciamanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alimera Sciences 6120 Windward Parkway Alpharetta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2531-8229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter A.","family":"Campochiaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.22.10.608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/347677a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"542","article-title":"Oxygen consumption in the inner and outer retina of the cat","volume":"36","author":"Braun R. 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