{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:54:44Z","timestamp":1790776484673,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":174,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]],"date-time":"2019-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007458","name":"Qatar Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007458","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy are characterized by the abnormal accumulation and propagation of \u03b1\u2010synuclein (\u03b1\u2010syn) pathology in the central and peripheral nervous system as Lewy bodies or glial cytoplasmic inclusions. Several antibodies against \u03b1\u2010syn have been developed since it was first detected as the major component of Lewy bodies and glial cytoplasmic inclusions. Over the years, researchers have generated specific antibodies that alleviate the accumulation of intracellular aggregated \u03b1\u2010syn and associated pathology in cellular and preclinical models of synucleinopathies. So far, antibodies have been the first choice as tools for research and diagnosis and currently, a wide variety of antibody fragments have been developed as an alternative to full\u2010length antibodies for increasing its therapeutic usefulness. Recently, conformation specific antibody\u2010based approaches have been found to be promising as therapeutic strategies, both to block \u03b1\u2010syn aggregation and ameliorate the resultant cytotoxicity, and as diagnostic tools. In this review, we summarize different \u03b1\u2010syn specific antibodies and provide their usefulness in tackling synucleinopathies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc14713-fig-0003-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/page\/journal\/14714159\/homepage\/virtual_issues.htm\">This article is part of the Special Issue \u201cSynuclein\u201d.<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T16:02:00Z","timestamp":1557158520000},"page":"612-625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Antibodies against alpha\u2010synuclein: tools and therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Nishant N.","family":"Vaikath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Disorder Research Center Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI) Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issam","family":"Hmila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Disorder Research Center Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI) Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Disorder Research Center Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI) Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Erskine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ingelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health\/Geriatrics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2509-7200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar M. A.","family":"El\u2010Agnaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Disorder Research Center Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI) Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00248"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.2.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25421"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00197"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2014.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1167-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","first-page":"879","article-title":"Aggregation of alpha\u2010synuclein in Lewy bodies of sporadic Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"152","author":"Baba M.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. 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