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A variety of drugs that modulate neurotransmitter levels have been used for the treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases but with limited efficacy. In this work, an amperometric complementary metal\u2010oxide\u2010semiconductor (CMOS) chip is used for high\u2010throughput drug testing with respect to the modulation of transmitter release from single vesicles using chromaffin cells prepared from bovine adrenal glands as a model system. Single chromaffin cell amperometry was performed with high efficiency on the surface\u2010modified CMOS chip and follow\u2010up whole\u2010cell patch\u2010clamp experiments were performed to determine the readily releasable pool sizes. We show that the antidepressant drug bupropion significantly increases the amount of neurotransmitter released in individual quantal release events. The antidepressant drug citalopram accelerates rapid neurotransmitter release following stimulation and follow\u2010up patch\u2010clamp experiments reveal that this is because of the increase in the pool of readily releasable vesicles. These results shed light on the mechanisms by which bupropion and citalopram may be potentially effective in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. These results demonstrate that the CMOS amperometry chip technology is an excellent tool for drug testing to determine the specific mechanisms by which they modulate neurotransmitter release.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>\n<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc14815-fig-0005-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T09:10:47Z","timestamp":1562317847000},"page":"38-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Drug testing complementary metal\u2010oxide\u2010semiconductor chip reveals drug modulation of transmitter release for potential therapeutic applications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Meng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"},{"name":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shailendra S.","family":"Rathore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5722-9557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manfred","family":"Lindau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Interaction between monoamine oxidase B inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors","volume":"71","author":"Aboukarr A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can. 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