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We analyzed the effect of enriched environment (EE) housing on the optic nerve, and retinal alterations in an induced model of ocular hypertension. For this purpose, male\n                      <jats:italic>Wistar<\/jats:italic>\n                      rats were weekly injected with vehicle or chondroitin sulfate (CS) into the eye anterior chamber for 10\u00a0weeks and housed in standard environment or EE. EE housing prevented the effect of experimental glaucoma on visual evoked potentials, retinal anterograde transport, phosphorylated neurofilament\u2010immunoreactivity, axon number, microglial\/macrophage reactivity (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1\u2010immunoreactivity), and astrocytosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein\u2010immunostaining), as well as oligodendrocytes alterations (luxol fast blue staining, and myelin basic protein\u2010immunoreactivity) in the proximal portion of the optic nerve. Moreover EE prevented the increase in ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule\u20101 levels, and RGC loss (Brn3a\u2010immunoreactivity) in the retina from hypertensive eyes. EE increased retinal brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor levels. When EE housing started after 6\u00a0weeks of ocular hypertension, a preservation of visual evoked potentials amplitude, axon, and Brn3a(+) RGC number was observed. Taken together, these results suggest that EE preserved visual functions, reduced optic nerve axoglial alterations, and protected RGCs against glaucomatous damage.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc14885-fig-0015-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,6]],"date-time":"2019-10-06T05:21:18Z","timestamp":1570339278000},"page":"103-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Enriched environment provides neuroprotection against experimental glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda F.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Fleitas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n D.","family":"Devouassoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos L.","family":"Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan S.","family":"Calanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica S.","family":"Chianelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dami\u00e1n","family":"Dorfman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8804-4395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth E.","family":"Rosenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human Biochemistry School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200303138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(95)00155-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050726"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01611437"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"2196","article-title":"Effect of hyaluronic acid on intraocular pressure in rats","volume":"43","author":"Benozzi J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest. 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