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Presently, the impact of ELS on the retina in the adult stage is unknown. The long\u2010term consequences of ELS at retinal level were analyzed in an animal model of maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW), which mimics early life maternal neglect. For this purpose, mice were separated from the dams for 2\u00a0h at postnatal days (PNDs) 4\u20136, for 3\u00a0h at PNDs 7\u20139, for 4\u00a0h at PNDs 10\u201312, for 6\u00a0h at PNDs 13\u201316, and weaned at PND17. At the end of each separation period, mothers were subjected to movement restriction for 10\u00a0min. Control pups were left undisturbed from PND0, and weaned at PND21. Electroretinograms, visual evoked potentials, vision\u2010guided behavioral tests, retinal anterograde transport, and retinal histopathology were examined at PNDs 60\u201380. MSEW induced long\u2010lasting functional and histological effects at retinal level, including decreased retinal ganglion cell function and alterations in vision\u2010guided behaviors, likely associated to decreased synaptophysin content, retina\u2010superior colliculus communication deficit, increased microglial phagocytic activity, and retinal ganglion cell loss through a corticoid\u2010dependent mechanism. A treatment with mifepristone, injected every 3\u2009days between PNDs 4 and16, prevented functional and structural alterations induced by MSEW. These results suggest that retinal alterations might be included among the childhood adversity\u2010induced threats to life quality, and that an early intervention with mifepristone avoided ELS\u2010induced retinal disturbances.<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc15752-fig-0011-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T07:27:38Z","timestamp":1672385258000},"page":"362-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Early life stress induces visual dysfunction and retinal structural alterations in adult mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Juan S.","family":"Calanni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hern\u00e1n H.","family":"Dieguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda F.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u00a0Fleitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4322-1650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Canepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute of Biological Chemistry, School of Science University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Berardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute of Biological Chemistry, School of Science University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban M.","family":"Repetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine\/CEFyBO University of Buenos Aires\/CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neuropathology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Cellular Biology and Neuroscience Institute, \u201cProf. E. 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