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Transcriptomically, diverse astrocyte subpopulations play distinct roles during development and disease progression. However, the biochemical identification of astrocyte subtypes, especially by membrane surface protein glycosylation, remains poorly investigated. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type zeta (PTPRZ) is a highly expressed membrane protein in CNS glia cells that can be modified with diverse glycosylation, including the unique HNK\u20101 capped O\u2010mannosyl (O\u2010Man) core M2 glycan mediated by brain\u2010specific branching enzyme GnT\u2010IX. Although PTPRZ modified with HNK\u20101 capped O\u2010Man glycans (HNK\u20101\u2010O\u2010Man<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> PTPRZ) is increased in reactive astrocytes of demyelination model mice, whether such astrocytes emerge in a broad range of disease\u2010associated conditions or are limited to conditions associated with demyelination remains unclear. Here, we show that HNK\u20101\u2010O\u2010Man<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> PTPRZ localizes in hypertrophic astrocytes of damaged brain areas in patients with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, we show that astrocytes expressing HNK\u20101\u2010O\u2010Man<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> PTPRZ are present in two demyelination mouse models (cuprizone\u2010fed mice and a vanishing white matter disease model), while traumatic brain injury does not induce glycosylation. Administration of cuprizone to Aldh1l1\u2010eGFP and Olig2<jats:sup>KICreER\/+<\/jats:sup>;Rosa26<jats:sup>eGFP<\/jats:sup> mice revealed that cells expressing HNK\u20101\u2010O\u2010Man<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> PTPRZ are derived from cells in the astrocyte lineage. Notably, GnT\u2010IX but not PTPRZ mRNA was up\u2010regulated in astrocytes isolated from the corpus callosum of cuprizone model mice. These results suggest that the unique PTPRZ glycosylation plays a key role in the patterning of demyelination\u2010associated astrocytes.<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc15820-fig-0005-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T05:47:12Z","timestamp":1680500832000},"page":"547-559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Brain\u2010specific glycosylation of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z (<scp>PTPRZ<\/scp>) marks a demyelination\u2010associated astrocyte 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