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Many of these pathogens are especially deleterious to the nervous system, and a myriad of neurological symptoms have been associated with infections by Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in humans. Studies suggest that viral replication in neural cells and the massive release of pro\u2010inflammatory mediators lead to morphological alterations of synaptic spine structure and changes in the balance of excitatory\/inhibitory neurotransmitters and receptors. Glutamate is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and studies propose that either enhanced release or impaired uptake of this amino acid contribute\n                    <jats:styled-content>s<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    to brain damage in several conditions. Here, we review existing evidence suggesting that glutamatergic dysfunction\n                    <jats:styled-content>\u2010<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    induced by flaviviruses is a central mechanism for neurological damage and clinical outcomes of infection. We also discuss current data suggesting that pharmacological approaches that counteract glutamatergic dysfunction show benefits in animal models of such viral diseases.\n                    <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                      <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc15935-fig-0002-m.png\">\n                        <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                      <\/jats:graphic>\n                    <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T05:43:37Z","timestamp":1692683017000},"page":"915-927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Fundamental neurochemistry review: Glutamatergic dysfunction as a central mechanism underlying flavivirus\u2010induced neurological damage"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"166","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0826-9090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara O.","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2230-1827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamires","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1814-3774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Messor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0335-2541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isis N. 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