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However, a growing body of evidence is now reframing this narrative, placing astrocytes\u2014once relegated to passive support roles\u2014at the center of OCD pathophysiology. Astrocytes are critical regulators of glutamate and GABA homeostasis, calcium signaling, and synaptic plasticity, all of which are disrupted in OCD. Recent high\u2010resolution molecular and proteomic studies reveal that specific astrocyte subpopulations, including\n                    <jats:italic>Crym<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010positive astrocytes, directly shape excitatory\/inhibitory balance and control perseverative behaviors by modulating presynaptic inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex. Disruptions in astrocytic neurotransmitter clearance and dopamine metabolism amplify CSTC circuit hyperactivity and reinforce compulsions. This review reframes OCD as a disorder of neuro\u2010glial dysfunctions, proposing that targeting astrocytic signaling, metabolism, and structural plasticity may unlock transformative therapeutic strategies. By integrating human and animal data, we advocate for a glial\u2010centric model of OCD that not only enhances mechanistic understanding but also opens new frontiers for precision treatment.\n                    <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                      <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc70092-fig-0002-m.png\">\n                        <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                      <\/jats:graphic>\n                    <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.70092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T01:39:10Z","timestamp":1747877950000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Astrocyte Dysfunctions in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: 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