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As the main defense response of the central nervous system (CNS), neuroinflammation can be either protective or detrimental depending on the stage of the disease. The pivotal role of neuroinflammation in AD has led to increasing investigations into neuroinflammatory mechanisms, aiming to develop AD\u2010modifying therapies. A significant advance in the field was the emergence of the human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model, enabling the study of patient\u2010derived cells. Moreover, the development of hiPSC\u2010derived brain organoids, which mimic specific aspects of the human CNS, has expanded our understanding of neuroinflammation in AD. Here, we review how AD organoid models have evolved, focusing on the integration of microglia\u2014the brain's primary immune surveillance cells. We also summarize recent findings on how glial activation and the crosstalk between microglia and other CNS cells affect AD progression. Lastly, we address the potential of hiPSC\u2010derived organoids as a preclinical model for screening AD drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                      <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jnc70416-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                        <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                      <\/jats:graphic>\n                    <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.70416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T05:44:26Z","timestamp":1774849466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Advances in\n                    <scp>hiPSC<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Derived Brain Organoids as a Model to Study Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Esther Marques Alves","family":"Maciel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry\u2013Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte MG Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nath\u00e1lia Costa","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry\u2013Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte MG Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Gustavo Pontes","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry\u2013Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte MG Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7042-9433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiola M.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry\u2013Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte MG Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.03.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1187"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"146","article-title":"\u00dcber einen eigenartigen Erkrankung der Hirnrinde","volume":"64","author":"Alzheimer A.","year":"1907","journal-title":"Allgemeine Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychisch\u2010Gerichtliche Medizin"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Alzheimer A.2024.\u201c\u00dcber einen eigenartigen Erkrankung der Hirnrinde.\u201d Allgemeine Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychisch\u2010Gerichtliche Medizin 64 pp. 142024 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures. 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