{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:31:48Z","timestamp":1791268308801,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"TUBITAK"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tonic gonadotrophin secretion throughout the menstrual cycle is regulated by the negative\u2010feedback actions of ovarian oestradiol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and progesterone. Although kisspeptin neurones in the arcuate nucleus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content>) of the hypothalamus appear to play a major role in mediating these feedback actions of the steroids in nonprimate species, this issue has been less well studied in the monkey. In the present study, we used immunohistochemistry and <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridisation to examine kisspeptin and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KISS<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> expression, respectively, in the mediobasal hypothalamus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBH<\/jats:styled-content>) of adult ovariectomised (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVX<\/jats:styled-content>) rhesus monkeys. We also examined kisspeptin expression in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBH<\/jats:styled-content> of ovarian intact females, and the effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">progesterone<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">progesterone<\/jats:styled-content> replacement on <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KISS<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> expression in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVX<\/jats:styled-content> animals. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>isspeptin or <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KISS<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> expressing neurones and pronounced kisspeptin fibres were readily identified throughout the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content> of ovariectomised monkeys but, on the other hand, in intact animals, kisspeptin cell bodies were small in size and number and only fine fibres were observed. Replacement of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVX<\/jats:styled-content> monkeys with physiological levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, either alone or with luteal phase levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">progesterone<\/jats:styled-content>, abolished <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KISS<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> expression in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content>. Interestingly, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">progesterone<\/jats:styled-content> replacement alone for 14\u00a0days also resulted in a significant down\u2010regulation of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KISS<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> expression. These findings support the view that, in primates, as in rodents and sheep, kisspeptin signalling in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content> neurones appears to play an important role in mediating the negative\u2010feedback action of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> on gonadotrophin secretion, and also indicate the need to study further their regulation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">progesterone<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]],"date-time":"2013-01-17T20:44:39Z","timestamp":1358455479000},"page":"488-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Ovarian Regulation of Kisspeptin Neurones in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Rhesus Monkey (<i>Macaca mulatta<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Al\u00e7in","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Magee\u2010Womens Research Institute University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Magee\u2010Womens Research Institute University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ramaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Magee\u2010Womens Research Institute University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. 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