{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T18:48:52Z","timestamp":1790102932668,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,27]],"date-time":"2013-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated that kisspeptin (K<\/jats:styled-content>p) administration, given as a slow constant infusion of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 (the shortest endogenous form of the Kp molecules which carries biological activity), is able to stimulate gonadotrophin secretion and induce ovulation in anoestrus acyclic ewes. Detailed analysis of peripheral luteinising hormone (LH<\/jats:styled-content>) concentrations, obtained at 10\u2010min intervals, suggested that this K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 treatment induced the continuous release of gonadotrophins. Whether this apparent constant secretion of LH<\/jats:styled-content> resulted from a continuous elevation of G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> or discrete high\u2010frequency pulses could not be determined. In the present study, we monitored the patterns of gonadotrophin\u2010releasing homrone (G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH)<\/jats:styled-content> secreted into hypophyseal portal blood (HPB<\/jats:styled-content>) and LH<\/jats:styled-content> in the peripheral circulation when K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 was administered either as discrete pulses or by means of a continuous infusion. Samples of HPB<\/jats:styled-content> and peripheral blood were obtained at 2 and 10\u2010min intervals, respectively, over a 6\u2010h period, from anoestrous acyclic ewes that received an i.v. bolus injection of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 at 1\u00a0h and an infusion of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 between hours 2 and 6. G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> release following K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 administration appeared to be dose\u2010dependent, with larger responses being seen to the 20 \u03bcg bolus and 20\u00a0\u03bcg\/h infusion than to the 10\u00a0\u03bcg bolus and 10\u00a0\u03bcg\/h infusion, with the latter being marginally effective in inducing LH<\/jats:styled-content> release. Bolus injections of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 (either 20 or 10\u00a0\u03bcg) induced a sharp G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> pulse in HPB<\/jats:styled-content> and a discrete LH<\/jats:styled-content> pulse in peripheral blood. By contrast, constant infusion of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 (either 20 or 10\u00a0\u03bcg\/h for 4\u00a0h) induced a sustained increase in baseline G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> secretion with no convincing evidence of strictly episodic release. Values remained continuously elevated in HPB<\/jats:styled-content>. No sign of pituitary desensitisation was observed at either concentration. Finally, i.v. injection of a large bolus (500\u00a0\u03bcg) of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 produced immediate pharmacological concentrations of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 in the peripheral circulation but were not associated with detectable levels of the peptide in the cerebrospinal fluid. In summary, our results demonstrate that the mode of K<\/jats:styled-content>p10 administration (pulsatile versus continuous) is important in shaping the pattern of G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> secretion and suggests that this regulatory effect is most likely exerted at the level of the terminals of G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> neurones. Moreover our data also suggest that K<\/jats:styled-content>p is involved in, rather than having a permissive role in, the control of endogenous G<\/jats:styled-content>nRH<\/jats:styled-content> pulsatility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]],"date-time":"2013-02-07T12:50:00Z","timestamp":1360241400000},"page":"537-546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Gonadotrophin\u2010Releasing Hormone Release into the Hypophyseal Portal Blood of the Ewe Mirrors Both Pulsatile and Continuous Intravenous Infusion of K<\/scp>isspeptin: An Insight into K<\/scp>isspeptin's Mechanism of Action"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Caraty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (INRA\/CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Tours\/Haras Nationaux) Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Lomet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (INRA\/CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Tours\/Haras Nationaux) Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"S\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (INRA\/CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Tours\/Haras Nationaux) Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Guillaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (INRA\/CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Tours\/Haras Nationaux) Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Beltramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (INRA\/CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Tours\/Haras Nationaux) Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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