{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:17:15Z","timestamp":1791303435356,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,19]],"date-time":"2014-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universit\u00e0 della Ricerca"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DK80459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK80459"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["as well as AG40132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["as well as AG40132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AG23176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG23176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We recently demonstrated a direct action of oxytocin (OT) on skeletal homeostasis, mainly mediated through stimulation of osteoblasts (OBs) formation and through the reciprocal modulation of osteoclast (OCs) formation and function. Thus, mice lacking the hormone or its receptor develop a low turnover osteoporosis that worsens with age in both sexes. The skeletons of OT (<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>t) and OT receptor (<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>xtr) null mice display a pronounced decrease in vertebral and femoral trabecular volume. At the cellular level, OBs from <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>t KO and <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>xtr KO mice exhibit lower mineralization activity and, at the m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> level, all master genes for osteoblast differentiation are down\u2010regulated. Moreover, OT has dual effects on OCs: it increases osteoclast formation both directly, by activating nuclear factor kB (NFkB) and mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling and, indirectly, through the up\u2010regulation of receptor activator nuclear factor\u2010kappaB ligand synthesis by OBs. On the other hand, it inhibits bone resorption by triggering cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release and nitric oxide synthesis in mature OCs. OT is locally produced by osteoblasts acting as paracrine\u2010autocrine regulators of bone formation modulated by oestrogens. The oestrogen signal involved in this feedforward circuit is nongenomic because it requires an intact MAPK kinase signal transduction pathway, instead of the classical nuclear translocation of oestrogen receptor. The ability of oestrogen to increase bone mass <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> is to some extent OXTR\u2010dependent. Thus, <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>xtr KO mice injected 17\u03b2\u2010oestradiol did not show any effects on bone formation parameters, whereas the same treatment increases trabecular and cortical bone in wild\u2010type mice. An intact OT autocrine\u2010paracrine circuit appears to be essential for optimal skeletal remodelling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,13]],"date-time":"2013-11-13T03:27:30Z","timestamp":1384313250000},"page":"53-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["The Oxytocin\u2013Bone Axis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Colaianni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs Section of Human Anatomy and Histology University of Bari Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Tamma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs Section of Human Anatomy and Histology University of Bari Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Di 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