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Subcortical band heterotopia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBH<\/jats:styled-content>) represent a class of neuronal migration errors in humans that are often associated with childhood epilepsy. We have previously reported the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBH<\/jats:styled-content> in a rodent model of low level hypothyroidism induced by maternal exposure to the goitrogen, propylthiouracil (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTU<\/jats:styled-content>). In the present study, we report the dose\u2013response characteristics of this developmental malformation and the connectivity of heterotopic neurones with other brain regions, as well as their functionality. Pregnant rats were exposed to varying concentrations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTU<\/jats:styled-content> through the drinking water (0\u201310\u00a0p.p.m.) beginning on gestational day 6 to produce graded levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TH<\/jats:styled-content> insufficiency. Dose\u2010dependent increases in the volume of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBH<\/jats:styled-content> present in the corpus callosum were documented in the adult offspring, with a clear presence at concentrations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTU<\/jats:styled-content> that resulted in minor (&lt;\u00a015%) reductions in maternal serum thyroxine as measured when pups were weaned. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBH<\/jats:styled-content> contain neurones, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia. Monoaminergic and cholinergic processes were prevalent and many of the axons were myelinated. Anatomical connectivity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBH<\/jats:styled-content> neurones to cortical neurones and the synaptic functionality of these anatomical connections was verified by <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> field potential recordings. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBH<\/jats:styled-content> persisted in adult offspring despite a return to euthyroid status on termination of exposure and these offspring displayed an increased sensitivity to seizures. Features of this model are attractive with respect to the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of cortical development, the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention in hypothyroxinaemia during pregnancy and the impact of the very modest <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TH<\/jats:styled-content> imbalance that accompanies exposure to environmental contaminants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T11:38:30Z","timestamp":1401709110000},"page":"528-541","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Subcortical Band Heterotopia in Rat Offspring Following Maternal Hypothyroxinaemia: Structural and Functional Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M. 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