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Although CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> mRNA expression has been confirmed in the rat pituitary, the distribution pattern of CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> protein in the pituitary has not been reported. Therefore, we generated an antiserum against the amino acid fragment corresponding to the 177\u2013188 sequence of the first extracellular loop of the rat CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>. Using the antiserum, CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010like immunoreactivity (CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010LI) was detected in the anterior lobe cells of the rat pituitary where some of them expressed intense signals. CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010LI also appeared in the intermediate lobe cells and on the fibre\u2010like elements of the posterior lobe of the pituitary. Dual immunofluorescence labelling showed that corticotrophs exhibited the highest percentage of CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (male: 27.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.0%, female: 18.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.0%), followed by lactotrophs (male: 6.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.0%, female: 12.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3%), gonadotrophs (male: 2.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0%, female: 7.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.5%), thyrotrophs (male: 2.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1%, female: 5.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2%) and somatotrophs (male: 1.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3%, female: 1.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.5%). The percentage of CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010LI\u2010positive cells that were corticotrophs was significantly higher in male rats than in female rats, whereas CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010LI\u2010positive lactotrophs and gonadotrophs were significantly higher in female rats than in male rats. Almost all of the melanotrophs were positive for CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> in the intermediate lobe (98.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2%). CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010LI and the percentage of CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010LI in corticotrophs were decreased in the anterior pituitary, and the distribution patterns were altered from a diffuse to punctate one by adrenalectomy; the changes were restored by treatment with dexamethasone (100\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg bw). These results suggest that CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> is involved in the modulation of the functions of the pituitary; moreover, protein expression and the distribution patterns of CRF<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> are regulated by glucocorticoids in the rat anterior pituitary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]],"date-time":"2016-12-19T12:36:40Z","timestamp":1482151000000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Distribution of Corticotrophin\u2010Releasing Factor Type 1 Receptor\u2010Like Immunoreactivity in the Rat Pituitary"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Mano\u2010Otagiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Nippon Medical School Bunkyo\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Nemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Nippon Medical School 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