{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:20:07Z","timestamp":1790875207340,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]],"date-time":"2018-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IR\/SO\/LU\u20102005[G]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IR\/SO\/LU\u20102005[G]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Circannual rhythm regulates the annual timing of reproduction in spotted munia, with sex differences in its relationship with the external photoperiod environment. Interestingly, munia show an atypical photosensitivity and exhibit gonadal maturation when acutely exposed to an unnatural short photoperiod (eg 3\u00a0hours of light per day; ie a long scotoperiod). The proximate mechanisms regulating scotoperiod\u2010induced hypothalamic\u2010pituitary\u2010gonadal (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPG<\/jats:styled-content>) activation are unclear. Because thyroid hormone signalling plays a central role in photoperiodic induction, we hypothesised the involvement of similar mechanism, comprising alterations in hypothalamic deiodinases, under long scotoperiod\u2010induced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPG<\/jats:styled-content> activation. To test this, several endpoints of cellular and molecular correlates were assayed in male and female munias after 1 and 4 weeks of exposure to an 3:21\u00a0hour light\/dark cycle (3L:21D), with controls on a 21:3\u00a0hour light\/dark cycle (21L:3D). We measured the hypothalamic expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> and protein of light\u2010sensitive (neuropsin, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPN<\/jats:styled-content>5) and reproductive (vasoactive intestinal peptide [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VIP]<\/jats:styled-content>, neuropeptide Y [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPY]<\/jats:styled-content>, gonadotrophin\u2010releasing hormone [Gn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RH]<\/jats:styled-content>, gonadotrophin\u2010inhibiting hormone [Gn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IH]<\/jats:styled-content>) neuropeptides by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR)<\/jats:styled-content> and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In addition, we also measured <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression of types 2 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DIO<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>) and 3 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DIO<\/jats:styled-content>3<\/jats:italic>) deiodinases that regulate triiodothyronine\u2010mediated Gn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RH<\/jats:styled-content> release and gonadal maturation in photoperiodic species. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">quantitative PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and immunohistochemistry results were consistent. Higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPN<\/jats:styled-content>5 levels under 21L:3D than under 3L:21D suggested its role in sensing the length of the light period. Similarly, low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VIP<\/jats:styled-content> and high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPY<\/jats:styled-content> expression under 3L:21D than under 21L:3D were consistent with their roles as cellular correlates of photic and nonphotic environment, respectively. High Gn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I\/low Gn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IH<\/jats:styled-content> levels and gonadal recrudescence under 3L:21D, and an inverse pattern under 21L:3D, confirmed the scotostimulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPG<\/jats:styled-content> axis in spotted munia. However, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DIO<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DIO<\/jats:styled-content>3 <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels did not differ between 2 scotoperiods, in contrast to their reciprocal expression pattern found during long\u2010day photostimulation. We demonstrate for the first time sex\u2010dependent scotostimulation of reproductive neural pathways and suggest the involvement of molecules other than hypothalamic deiodinases in the regulation of gonad development cycle in \u2018nonphotoperiodic\u2019 seasonally breeding vertebrates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,16]],"date-time":"2018-06-16T14:13:40Z","timestamp":1529158420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Scotostimulation of reproductive neural pathways and gonadal maturation are not correlated with hypothalamic expression of deiodinases in subtropical spotted munia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ila","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IndoUS Center for Biological Timing Department of Zoology University of Delhi  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IndoUS Center for Biological Timing Department of Zoology University of Lucknow  Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Rani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IndoUS Center for Biological Timing Department of Zoology University of Lucknow  Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0523-8689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IndoUS Center for Biological Timing Department of Zoology University of Delhi  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.025411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2014-4370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006393107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2011.0864"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.05.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2012.08209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2014.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410000313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12274"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(92)90056-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00221754"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000126353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-013-1667-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.1997.1399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407160-5.00035-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06738"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00521.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-0929.2009.00628.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12469"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.06.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"288","volume-title":"Handbook of Birds of India and Pakistan","author":"Ali S","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291017509359484"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291017609359509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0650141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.065581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.100651"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/CBI-200025991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000111459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.06.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2008.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1220255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2011.02245.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1110001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.01.015"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"GnIH control of feeding and reproductive behaviors","volume":"27","author":"Tsutsui K","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1093"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.126987"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(74)90094-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(82)90186-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"The Indian weaver bird: from hatching to puberty: body weight, plumage, bill, gonads and gonoducts","volume":"29","author":"Thapliyal JP","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pavo"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/074873048900400304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","first-page":"367","volume-title":"Avian Endocrinology","author":"Wingfield JC","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077407"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroendocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjne.12627","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jne.12627","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T07:40:31Z","timestamp":1694677231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jne.12627"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jne.12627"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jne.12627","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-8194","1365-2826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-8194","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-10-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12627"}}