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Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland with a profile reflecting the duration of the night and acts via the pituitary pars tuberalis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>), which in turn modulates hypothalamic thyroid hormone status via seasonal changes in the production of locally\u2010acting thyrotrophin. Recently, we demonstrated that, in the Soay sheep, photoperiodic induction of <jats:italic>Tshb<\/jats:italic> expression and consequent downstream hypothalamic changes occur over a narrow range of photoperiods between 12 and 14\u00a0hours in duration. In the present study, we aimed to extend our molecular characterisation of this pathway, based on transcriptomic analysis of photoperiodic changes in the pituitary and hypothalamus of ovariectomised, oestradiol\u2010implanted Ile\u2010de\u2010France ewes. We demonstrate that photoperiodic treatments applied before the winter solstice elicit two distinctive modes of accelerated reproductive switch off compared to ewes held on a simulated natural photoperiod, with shut\u2010down occurring markedly faster on photoperiods of 13\u00a0hours or more than on photoperiods of 12\u00a0hours and less. This pattern of response was reflected in gene expression profiles of photoperiodically sensitive markers, both in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>Tshb<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Fam150b<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Vmo1, Ezh2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Suv39H2<\/jats:italic>) and in tanycytes (<jats:italic>Tmem252<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dct<\/jats:italic>). Unexpectedly, the expression of <jats:italic>Dio2<\/jats:italic> in tanycytes did not show any noticeable increase in expression with lengthening photoperiods. Finally, the expression of <jats:italic>Kiss1<\/jats:italic>, the key activator of gonadotrophin\u2010releasing hormone release, was proportionately decreased by lengthening photoperiods, in a pattern that correlated strongly with gonadotrophin suppression. These data show that stepwise increases in photoperiod lead to graded molecular responses at the level of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>, a progressive suppression of <jats:italic>Kiss1<\/jats:italic> in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and luteinising hormone\/follicle\u2010stimulating hormone release by the pituitary, despite apparently unchanged <jats:italic>Dio2<\/jats:italic> expression in tanycytes. We hypothesise that this apparent discontinuity in the seasonal neuroendocrine response illustrates the transient nature of the thyroid hormone\u2010mediated response to long days in the control of circannual timing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T19:58:48Z","timestamp":1563998328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Discontinuity in the molecular neuroendocrine response to increasing daylengths in Ile\u2010de\u2010France ewes: Is transient <i>Dio2<\/i> induction a key feature of circannual timing?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7209-5940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugues","family":"Dardente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE Universit\u00e9 de Tours Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Lomet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE Universit\u00e9 de Tours Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Chesneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE Universit\u00e9 de Tours Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria\u2010Teresa","family":"Pellicer\u2010Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE Universit\u00e9 de Tours Nouzilly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4884-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Hazlerigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology University of Troms\u00f8 Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.04.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2667-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12729"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-14-0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12680"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2011.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2011.02250.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.158.3803.925"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0780267"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"2339","article-title":"Circadian 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