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Although the synthesis and exocytosis of this hormone are mainly under the regulation of hypothalamic dopamine (DA), the possibility that the anterior pituitary synthesises this catecholamine remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine if the anterior pituitary produces DA from the precursor\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u20103,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylalanine (\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa). Accordingly, we investigated the expression of aromatic\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) enzyme and the transporter vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in the anterior pituitary, AtT20 and GH3 cells by immunofluorescence and western blotting. Moreover, we investigated the production of DA from\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa and its release in vitro. Then, we explored the effects of\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa with respect to the secretion of PRL from anterior pituitary fragments. We observed that the anterior pituitary, AtT20 and GH3 cells express both AADC and VMAT2. Next, we detected an increase in DA content after anterior pituitary fragments were incubated with\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa. Also, the presence of\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa increased DA levels in incubation media and reduced PRL secretion. Likewise, the content of cellular DA increased after AtT20 cells were incubated with\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa. In addition,\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa reduced corticotrophin\u2010releasing hormone\u2010stimulated adrenocorticotrophic hormone release from these cells after AADC activity was inhibited by NSD\u20101015. Moreover, DA formation from\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. However, in the presence of NSD\u20101015,\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa decreased apoptosis and increased proliferation rates. These results suggest that the anterior pituitary synthesises DA from\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa by AADC and this catecholamine can be released from this gland contributing to the control of PRL secretion. In addition, our results suggest that\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010dopa exerts direct actions independently from its metabolisation to DA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T17:09:30Z","timestamp":1592413770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anterior pituitary gland synthesises dopamine from\n                    <scp>l<\/scp>\n                    \u20103,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylalanine (\n                    <scp>l<\/scp>\n                    \u2010dopa)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Santiago Jordi","family":"Orrillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA\u2010CONICET) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires 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