{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T03:23:24Z","timestamp":1782962604621,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chronic stress exerts multiple negative effects on the physiology and health of an individual. In the present study, we examined hypothalamic, pituitary and endocrine responses to 14\u00a0days of chronic variable stress (CVS) in male and female C57BL\/6J mice. In both sexes, CVS induced a significant decrease in body weight and enhanced the acute corticosterone stress response, which was accompanied by a reduction in thymus weight only in females. However, single\u2010point blood measurements of basal prolactin, thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, growth hormone and corticosterone levels taken at the end of the CVS were not different from those of controls. Similarly, pituitary mRNA expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Fshb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Lhb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Prl<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Gh<\/jats:italic>\n                    was unchanged by CVS, although\n                    <jats:italic>Pomc<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Tsh<\/jats:italic>\n                    were significantly elevated. Within the adrenal medulla, mRNA for\n                    <jats:italic>Th<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Vip<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Gal<\/jats:italic>\n                    were elevated following CVS.\n                    <jats:italic>Avp<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcript levels within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus were increased by CVS; however, levels of\n                    <jats:italic>Gnrh1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Crh<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Oxt,<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>Sst, Trh, Ghrh, Th<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    remained unchanged. Oestrous cycles were lengthened slightly by CVS and ovarian histology revealed a reduction in the number of preovulatory follicles and corpora lutea. Taken together, these observations indicate that 14\u00a0days of CVS induces an up\u2010regulation of the neuroendocrine stress axis and creates a mild disruption of female reproductive function. However, the lack of changes in other neuroendocrine axes controlling anterior and posterior pituitary secretion suggest that most neuroendocrine axes are relatively resilient to CVS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T02:04:33Z","timestamp":1619316273000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Impact of chronic variable stress on neuroendocrine hypothalamus and pituitary in male and female C57BL\/6J mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Betina B.","family":"Nair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology Departments of Anatomy and Physiology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zin","family":"Khant Aung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for 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