{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:57:14Z","timestamp":1784869034136,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Octreotide LAR is a long\u2010acting somatostatin analogue (SSA) used in the management of metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP NETs). It requires intramuscular (IM) injection. Missed IM injections cause subcutaneous nodules (SCNs) on radiologic images. We reviewed the rates of SCNs in a real\u2010world cohort of GEP NETs receiving octreotide LAR and explored treatment outcomes. Patients commencing octreotide LAR between August 5, 2010 and March 8, 2018 at a single cancer center in Canada were identified from pharmacy records. Patients were included if they had a computed tomography (CT) scan performed at the time of progression and a preceding CT with pelvis included to enable assessment for the presence of nodules. Fisher's exact test was used to examine predictors of SCNs, and Kaplan\u2013Meier curves summarized differences in progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) that were compared with log\u2010rank tests. Of 243 patients receiving octreotide LAR, 45 had all required CT images available for central review. SCNs were found in 20\/45 (44%) of patients on the last scan showing stable disease before progression and were numerically but not statistically more likely in females (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 0.66\u20138.29,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.23). There was an increased risk of SCNs in patients with a skin\u2010to\u2010muscle distance &gt;38\u2009mm (the length of an octreotide LAR needle) on CT (OR: 5.09, 95% CI: 1.39\u201316.6,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.018) and a trend toward increased risk in obese patients (OR: 5.71, 95% CI: 1.26\u201323.4,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.061). PFS (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.56\u20131.78,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.98) and OS (HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.41\u20131.8,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.70) was similar between those with\/without SCNs. In conclusion, almost half of patients receiving octreotide LAR had SCNs; however, missed administration of SSA did not appear to result in worse survival in this small study. Factors such as sex, younger age skin\u2010to\u2010muscle distance, and obesity may affect SCN development and should be considered when choosing an SSA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T04:50:37Z","timestamp":1702443037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Clinical impact of unsuccessful subcutaneous administration of octreotide\n                    <scp>LAR<\/scp>\n                    instead of intramuscular administration in patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2566-7576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tharani","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Department of Nuclear Medicine BC Cancer Vancouver  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Safro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Department of Nuclear Medicine BC Cancer Vancouver  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Moreira","family":"Furlanetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Department of Surgical Oncology Vancouver General Hospital  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharlene","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Department of Nuclear Medicine BC Cancer Vancouver  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao Paulo","family":"Solar Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Department of Nuclear Medicine BC Cancer Vancouver  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather C.","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Department of Surgical Oncology Vancouver General Hospital  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Martineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Department of Nuclear Medicine BC Cancer Vancouver  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Loree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Department of Nuclear Medicine BC Cancer Vancouver  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.0589"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.24750"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2022.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21493"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01420.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000082875"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.22.8510"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1316158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000519605"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpa.0000363910.30821.f0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14830"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e318279d552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2018.1482252"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"51s","article-title":"Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults\u2014The Evidence Report. National Institutes of Health","volume":"6","author":"NHLBI Obesity Education Initiative Expert Panel on the Identification Evaluation and Treatment of Obesity in Adults (US)","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Evaluation of long\u2010acting somatostatin analog injection devices by nurses: a quantitative study","volume":"5","author":"Adelman DT","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Devices (Auckl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"Crinetics Pharmaceuticals.Crinetics pharmaceuticals initiates phase 1 study of CRN01941 for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors.2019. Accessed October 15 2023. Available from:https:\/\/crinetics.com\/phase1-study-treatment-neuroendocrine-tumors\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-021-01163-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-022-07054-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/CCI.19.00025"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroendocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jne.13360","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T03:43:08Z","timestamp":1705894988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jne.13360"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jne.13360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jne.13360","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JNE.13360\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JNE.13360\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JNE.13360\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JNE.13360\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JNE.13360\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JNE.13360\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0953-8194","1365-2826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-8194","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13360"}}