{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T08:08:21Z","timestamp":1772784501732,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Very preterm infants are at higher risk of long\u2010term neurodevelopmental and psychiatric impairments, including anxiety. Prematurity is also linked to altered programming of the hypothalamus\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal (HPA) axis, associated with stress\u2010related diseases. The cortisol awakening response (CAR), marked by a rapid cortisol increase after waking, is a biomarker of HPA reactivity and is linked to psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to evaluate for the first time the CAR in adults born very preterm and to explore its association with anxiety and stress. Twenty\u2010five young adults born very preterm and 24 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched term\u2010born controls collected saliva samples on two consecutive mornings at 0, 30, 45, and 60\u2009min after awakening. Anxiety was measured using the State\u2013Trait Anxiety Inventory, and stress was assessed with the Perceived Stress Scale. The CAR was analyzed using the sample at 0\u2009min (S1), total cortisol output (AUCg), and actual CAR (AUCi). There were no significant differences in AUCi. The preterm group exhibited lower S1 levels and a reduced AUCg. Preterm\u2010born participants reported higher trait anxiety and stress, though no consistent link with the CAR was identified. Findings suggest long\u2010term neuroendocrine changes in adults born very preterm, warranting further research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Clinical Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Duetsche Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS): 00020235.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.70000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T02:59:04Z","timestamp":1739242744000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The cortisol awakening response in very preterm born adults compared to term born adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5574-0781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilge","family":"Albayrak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I and Center for Translational Neuro\u2010 and Behavioral Sciences 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Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"H\u00f6rbelt\u2010Gr\u00fcnheidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology and C\u2010TBNS University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Lena","family":"Friedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology and C\u2010TBNS University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Hirtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics II University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine Helios University Hospital 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