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However, its role in stress\u2010induced reproductive modulation in viviparous teleosts remains unclear. This study examined the receptor\u2010specific GABAergic mechanisms influencing gonadal activity in response to stress in the black molly\n                    <jats:italic>Poecilia sphenops<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Four experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, fish were subjected to chronic intermittent stress, whereas in the second experiment, the effect of gabazine (a GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor antagonist) and CGP\u201035348 (a GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor antagonist) was assessed in unstressed and stressed fish. In the third and fourth experiments, the effect of GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    or GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    antagonists and agonists in vitro was examined in testicular tissues and interrenal tissues, respectively. Exposure to stress significantly elevated brain GABA levels and enhanced GABA immunoreactivity in the preoptic\u2010hypothalamic\u2010pituitary regions concomitant with a substantial increase in the whole\u2010body and head kidney cortisol levels, but suppressed testicular spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. In the second experiment, blockade of GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors using gabazine effectively ameliorated stress\u2010induced reductions in the testicular\u2010somatic index, germ cell populations, and testicular 11\u2010ketotestosterone (11\u2010KT) levels, whereas GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor blockade via CGP\u201035348 failed to restore these parameters. In the third experiment, treatment of GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    and GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    antagonists in vitro significantly increased 11\u2010KT secretion in testicular tissues. Furthermore, selective receptor activation with muscimol (a GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor agonist) and baclofen (a GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor agonist) significantly enhanced cortisol secretion from the head\u2010kidney, while gabazine and CGP\u201035348 suppressed cortisol production, indicating direct peripheral GABAergic modulation. These findings demonstrate a dual role for GABA in stress regulation, involving central activation of the GABAergic neuronal system and peripheral stimulation of cortisol secretion. The study provides novel insights into the GABA\u2010mediated suppression of testicular spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis under stress, particularly through GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors, and suggests that pharmacological antagonism of GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors may help mitigate stress\u2010induced reproductive dysfunction in viviparous teleosts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.70140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T06:39:41Z","timestamp":1770446381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reproductive stress response in male black molly\n                    <i>Poecilia sphenops<\/i>\n                    : Evidence for receptor specific regulation by\n                    <scp>GABA<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Achyutham","family":"Hotha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology Karnatak University  Dharwad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5662-534X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. 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