{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T01:33:27Z","timestamp":1777253607322,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZD0523200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZD0523200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Disruption of circadian rhythms is increasingly recognized as a contributor to cognitive dysfunction, but its role in gestation\u2010associated cognitive changes remains unexplored. Here we combine human cognitive screening with a comprehensive longitudinal mouse model to investigate whether gestational cognitive impairment and postpartum recovery are coupled with disruption and restoration of hippocampal circadian rhythms. Cognitive function was assessed in pregnant and postpartum women using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE). In mice, four reproductive stages were compared: control, gestation, 1\u2009month postpartum, and 3\u2009months postpartum. Serum gonadotropins and sex hormones levels were quantified using ELISA. Home\u2010cage locomotor activity was recorded over 48\u2009h under a 12\u2009h:12\u2009h light\u2013dark cycle. Hippocampal\u2010dependent memory was evaluated using the novel object recognition test and Barnes maze at Zeitgeber times ZT6 (day) and ZT18 (night). Hippocampal amyloid\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (A\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) deposition was visualized via immunofluorescence; protein expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP),\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme\u20101 (BACE1), and phosphorylated tau was measured by Western blots. Hippocampal clock gene expression was quantified by RT\u2010qPCR at six time points; circadian parameters (mesor, amplitude, acrophase) were derived by cosinor analysis and compared between groups. Human cognitive screening confirmed modest gestational decline with postpartum recovery. In mice, gestation disrupted daily locomotor activity rhythms and reduced nocturnal preference; both partially recovered by 1\u2009month and fully by 3\u2009months postpartum. Behaviourally, pregnancy impaired the normal day\u2013night difference and performance in novel object exploration and Barnes maze, which recovered progressively. At the molecular level, gestation increased hippocampal APP and BACE1 expression, elevated A\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    42 deposition, and induced tau hyperphosphorylation at multiple sites\u2014hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease\u2010related pathology. These alterations partially reversed by 1\u2009month postpartum and normalized by 3\u2009months. Hippocampal clock genes maintained 24\u2009h rhythmicity, but gestation induced gene\u2010specific phase shifts, amplitude reductions, and mesor alterations. These parameters showed gradual, gene\u2010dependent normalization postpartum. Gestational cognitive impairment and postpartum recovery are associated with reversible disruption and restoration of both hippocampal circadian rhythms and Alzheimer's disease\u2010related molecular pathology. These findings are correlational in nature and provide a foundation for future causal investigations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.70178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:00:13Z","timestamp":1776207613000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Disruption of circadian rhythms is associated with cognitive impairment during gestation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Shan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases  Hubei China"},{"name":"Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases  Hubei 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