{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:56:03Z","timestamp":1790556963284,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000275","name":"Leverhulme Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RL\u20102019\u201006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RL\u20102019\u201006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Most temperate animals exhibit seasonal rhythms in reproductive physiology and behaviour. Gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone (\n                    <jats:italic>GnRH<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) cells in the preoptic area (POA) and kisspeptin (\n                    <jats:italic>Kiss<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) cells in the anteroventral periventricular (AvPv) nucleus are critical for timing photoperiod\u2010induced changes in seasonal reproduction. In response to prolonged exposure to photoperiod cues, many rodents exhibit endogenously generated programmed changes in physiology that reflect a circannual timing mechanism. Here we used transcriptome sequencing coupled with measurements of surface body temperature and testes mass across a simulated circannual interval timer to characterize the molecular changes involved in the seasonal control of reproduction and surface body temperature. Adult male Djungarian hamsters were collected after exposure to short photoperiod on 4\u2010week intervals from 4 to 32\u2009weeks. The POA and AvPv transcriptomes from short\u2010photoperiod hamsters were compared to a long photoperiod reference group. Our analyses confirmed robust photoperiodic regulation of\n                    <jats:italic>Kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA expression in the AvPv. Weighted gene co\u2010expression network analyses (WGCNAs) identified hundreds (POA: 211, AvPv: 415) of transcripts that were associated with testes mass. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified \u2018gonadotropin secretion\u2019 and \u2018glial cell proliferation\u2019 as the primary pathways associated with circannual interval timing. Vimentin had a strong negative association with testes mass, indicating AvPv glial morphology may increase during gonadal involution. In the POA, pathways associated with \u2018regulation at synapse\u2019 and \u2018regulation of synaptic plasticity\u2019 were highly enriched and transcripts positively associated with gonadal involution indicated that ribosomal plasticity and intracellular calcium signalling are key mechanisms involved in seasonal reproduction. WGCNAs identified 567 transcripts in the POA that were significantly associated with surface body temperature. GSEA discovered thyrotrophin\u2010releasing hormone was significantly negatively associated with surface body temperature. Overall, the POA and AvPv transcriptome datasets provide the foundation to expand our understanding of the molecular representation of seasonal time in the mammalian hypothalamus.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.70258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T05:01:34Z","timestamp":1788757294000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular characterization of circannual interval timing in the preoptic area and anteroventral periventricular nucleus in the Djungarian hamster (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Phodopus sungorus<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Calum","family":"Stewart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow  Glasgow 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