{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:21:16Z","timestamp":1790749276362,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]],"date-time":"2013-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuropsychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Visual spatial memory was assessed using the Visual Spatial Learning Test (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSLT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) in individuals with mild to moderate\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    untington's disease (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), pre\u2010manifest gene carriers for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and demographically similar controls. The\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSLT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    has been demonstrated to be a valid, normed measure of non\u2010verbal memory involving minimal motoric responses. The\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSLT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    assesses immediate and delayed memory for designs, positions of the designs, and design\/position associations. The\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    group was significantly impaired (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) relative to both the control and Pre\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    groups on immediate and delayed memory for the designs, positions, and design\/position associations. Although there were no differences between the Pre\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and control groups on immediate or delayed memory for designs or positions, the Pre\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    group was significantly impaired (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) relative to the control group on immediate and delayed memory for design\/position associations. The results offer novel insight into a relatively unexamined memory deficit that may occur in gene carriers for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    prior to phenoconversion. The data indicate that the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSLT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    may be a useful measure of visuospatial memory during the premanifest and manifest stages of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnp.12036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]],"date-time":"2013-12-11T08:14:45Z","timestamp":1386749685000},"page":"77-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Visual Spatial Learning Test: Differential impairment during the premanifest and manifest stages of Huntington's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Pirogovsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Health Care System San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego 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