{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:13:48Z","timestamp":1788920028896,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004418","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuropsychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Implicit motor sequence learning (IMSL) is affected in Parkinson's disease (PD). Research in healthy young participants shows the potential for transcranial direct\u2010current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to enhance IMSL. In PD, only null effects have been reported to date. We determined concurrent, short\u2010term, and long\u2010term effects of anodal tDCS over M1 on IMSL, as measured by the serial reaction time (SRT) task, in persons with PD with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Concurrent (anodal\/sham tDCS intervention during the SRT task), short\u2010term (5\u00a0min post\u2010intervention), and long\u2010term (1\u00a0week post\u2010intervention) effects on IMSL were evaluated in persons with idiopathic PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage II\u2010III) with MCI. Results of 11 persons with PD (8 men and 3 women; mean age\u00a0=\u00a077.1\u00a0years; mean disease duration\u00a0=\u00a07.7\u00a0years) showed significant IMSL in the anodal (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.016), but not in the sham tDCS condition (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.937). Post\u2010hoc analyses showed that IMSL reached statistical significance at 1\u00a0week post\u2010intervention (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Anodal tDCS over M1 exerted beneficial effects on IMSL in persons with PD with MCI, in particular one week post\u2010intervention. Our study is the first to report a positive effect of tDCS on IMSL in PD. Further research should include a larger, more cognitively diverse sample and additional follow\u2010up periods.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnp.12231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T11:41:13Z","timestamp":1605699673000},"page":"363-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Transcranial direct\u2010current stimulation enhances implicit motor sequence learning in persons with Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8689-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahyar","family":"Firouzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain, Body and Cognition Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Department of Physiotherapy Human Physiology and Anatomy Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlijn","family":"Van Herk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Department of Physiotherapy Human Physiology and Anatomy Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2747-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Kerckhofs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain, Body and Cognition Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Department of Physiotherapy Human Physiology and Anatomy Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3771-9479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Swinnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Department of Physiotherapy Human Physiology and Anatomy Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9885-3041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Baeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain, Body and Cognition Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Ghent University University Hospital Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Vrije Universiteit Brussel University Hospital Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2538-9847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Van Overwalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain, Body and Cognition Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8633-9547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natacha","family":"Deroost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain, Body and Cognition Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Department of Physiotherapy Human Physiology and Anatomy Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.202556"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2018.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-2134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/Neuropsychiatry.1000323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-0294-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-012-0436-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2015.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-140441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.131045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.22.4.948"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09778.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2040-7378-3-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2012.08175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810083391506"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2008.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000091864.39702.1C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00924.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(87)90002-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892903321662994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70123-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805413106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/135910701169278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2015.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412961288"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-014-0561-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00210.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.20.4.490"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effect of transcranial direct\u2010current stimulation on upper limb motor performance in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A systematic review","volume":"266","author":"Simpson M. W.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.36.7.1283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2010.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2008.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06459.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03395630"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23761"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuropsychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jnp.12231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jnp.12231","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jnp.12231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T16:37:31Z","timestamp":1762187851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jnp.12231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jnp.12231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnp.12231","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6645","1748-6653"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6645","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-6653","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}