{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T21:56:19Z","timestamp":1772142979894,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,11]],"date-time":"2018-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Peripheral Nervous Sys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune\u2010mediated polyradiculoneuropathy with a worldwide incidence of 0.81\u20101.89 per 100\u2009000 person\u2010years. In Europe and North America only 5% of patients with GBS have axonal subtypes, which in South America and Asia account for 30%\u201047% of cases. The aim of our study is to assess the annual incidence and clinical features of GBS in La Spezia area in Italy. A retrospective (from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2011) followed by a prospective (from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2015) analysis was carried out on patients admitted to La Spezia hospital who fulfilled the GBS diagnostic criteria. A total of 86 patients (58 men), mean age of 62.7 years (range 21\u201090), were included. The mean annual incidence rate was 3\/100\u2009000 (range: 0.9\/100\u2009000\u20105.37\/100\u2009000) significantly higher than the European incidence (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Forty\u2010seven percent were classified as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), 35% as acute motor and motor\u2010sensory axonal neuropathy (AMAN\u2010AMSAN), 13% as variant forms, and 5% were not defined. AIDP was most common in \u201cGolfo dei Poeti\u201d (50%) and \u201cVal di Magra\u201d (63.2%), whereas AMAN\/AMSAN prevailed in \u201cVal di Vara\u201d (63.6%) and \u201cRiviera Spezzina\u201d (62.5%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024). In La Spezia area GBS incidence (especially the AMAN subtype) is significantly higher than the incidence reported in Europe. AIDP predominates in the eastern area whereas AMAN\/AMSAN in the western, with a significantly different incidence rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Prospective studies to assess possible predisposing environmental factors are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T08:51:16Z","timestamp":1542099076000},"page":"80-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Increased incidence of axonal Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome in La Spezia area of Italy: A 13\u2010year follow\u2010up study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9540-9727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luana","family":"Benedetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genova, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino  Genoa 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Hospital  La Spezia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Tartaglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Sant'Andrea Hospital  La Spezia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni L.","family":"Mancardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genova, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino  Genoa 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