{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T02:58:27Z","timestamp":1771297107180,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Peripheral Nervous Sys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of nodal\u2013paranodal antibodies in HIV\u2010infected patients with chronic immune\u2010mediated radiculo\u2010neuropathies (IMRN) has not been previously described.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV\u2010infected patients who met the inclusion criteria for chronic IMRN were screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies directed against nodal (neurofascin (NF)186) and paranodal (NF155, contactin\u20101 (CNTN1) and contactin\u2010associated protein(Caspr1)) cell adhesion molecules, using a live, cell\u2010based assay.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To explore potential pathogenicity, binding of human IgG to myelinated co\u2010cultures was assessed by incubation with patients' sera positive for nodal or paranodal antibodies. Normal human serum was added as a source of complement to assess for complement activation as a mechanism for myelin injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four HIV\u2010infected patients with IMRN were included in the study, 15 with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), 4 with ventral root radiculopathies (VRR), and 5 with dorsal root ganglionopathies (DRG). Five patients with CIDP had combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD). Three patients (12.7%) tested positive for neurofascin IgG1 antibodies in the following categories: 1 patient with VRR was NF186 positive, and 2 patients were NF155 positive with DRG and mixed sensory\u2010motor demyelinating neuropathy with optic neuritis, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of nodal\u2013paranodal antibodies is similar among IMRN regardless of HIV status. Interpretation of the results in the context of HIV is challenging as there is uncertainty regarding pathogenicity of the antibodies, especially at low titres. Larger prospective immune studies are required to delineate pathogenicity in the context of HIV, and to establish a panel of antibodies to predict for a particular clinical phenotype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T16:04:05Z","timestamp":1694102645000},"page":"578-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Nodal\u2013paranodal antibodies in <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010immune mediated radiculo\u2010neuropathies: Clinical phenotypes and relevance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5072-0522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Moodley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V. 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