{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:20:58Z","timestamp":1790364058408,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Peripheral Nervous Sys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and electrodiagnostic subtypes of Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) in Istanbul.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with GBS were prospectively recruited between April 2019 and March 2022 and two electrodiagnostic examinations were performed on each patient. The criteria of Ho et al., Hadden et al., Rajabally et al., and Uncini et al. were compared for the differentiation of demyelinating and axonal subtypes, and their relations with anti\u2010ganglioside antibodies were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred seventy\u2010seven patients were included, 69 before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (April 2019\u2013February 2020) and 108 during the pandemic (March 2020\u2013March 2022), without substantial changes in monthly frequencies. As compared with the criteria of Uncini et al., demyelinating GBS subtype diagnosis was more frequent according to the Ho et al. and Hadden et al. criteria (95\/162, 58.6% vs. 110\/174, 63.2% and 121\/174, 69.5%, respectively), and less frequent according to Rajabally et al.'s criteria (76\/174, 43.7%). Fourteen patients' diagnoses made using Rajabally et al.'s criteria were shifted to the other subtype with the second electrodiagnostic examination. Of the 106 analyzed patients, 22 had immunoglobulin G anti\u2010ganglioside antibodies (14 with the axonal subtype). They had less frequent sensory symptoms (54.5% vs. 83.1%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), a more frequent history of previous gastroenteritis (54.5% vs. 22.9%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007), and a more severe disease as compared with those without antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serial electrodiagnostic examinations are more helpful for accurate subtype diagnosis of GBS because of the dynamic pathophysiology of the disease. We observed no significant increase in GBS frequency during the pandemic in this metropolis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T05:49:00Z","timestamp":1706680140000},"page":"72-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Electrodiagnostic methods to verify <scp>Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9<\/scp> syndrome subtypes in Istanbul: A prospective multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2467-1565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volkan","family":"Tasdemir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nermin Gorkem","family":"Sirin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arman","family":"Cakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayla","family":"Culha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysun","family":"Soysal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayse Deniz","family":"Elmali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2365-0850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aysegul","family":"Gunduz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beyza","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Marmara University Faculty of Medicine  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Destina","family":"Yalcin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Atakli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif Kocasoy","family":"Orhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"Sanli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroscience Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erdem","family":"Tuzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroscience Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eren","family":"Gozke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Gursoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology Bezmialem Vakif University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feray Karaali","family":"Savrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferda Ilgen","family":"Uslu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology Bezmialem Vakif University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikret","family":"Aysal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology Medipol University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hacer","family":"Durmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafsa","family":"Bulbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Marmara University Faculty of Medicine  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. Inci","family":"Ertas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayihan","family":"Uluc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Marmara University Faculty of Medicine  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kemal","family":"Tutkavul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haydarpa\u015fa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leyla","family":"Baysal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prof. Dr. Cemil Ta\u015f\u00e7\u0131o\u011flu City Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Baris","family":"Baslo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meral","family":"Kiziltan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Metin","family":"Mercan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevin","family":"Pazarci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurten","family":"Uzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onur","family":"Akan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prof. Dr. Cemil Ta\u015f\u00e7\u0131o\u011flu City Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozlem","family":"Cokar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinar Kahraman","family":"Koytak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Marmara University Faculty of Medicine  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyhan","family":"S\u00fcrmeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sefer","family":"Gunaydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selahattin","family":"Ayas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4096-3552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sezin Alpaydin","family":"Baslo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vildan","family":"Yayla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vuslat","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroscience Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesim","family":"Parman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeliha","family":"Matur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology Bezmialem Vakif University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep Unlusoy","family":"Acar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Emre","family":"Oge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00517-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.3.597"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.03.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.61.5.617"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000153071.71335.E9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.12.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt285"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cff735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2007.00949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92644-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880141111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70130-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880120602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000078485"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.208538"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"IslamZ GilbertM MohammadQD et al.Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome\u2010relatedCampylobacter jejuniin Bangladesh: ganglioside mimicry and cross\u2010reactive antibodies.2012.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2014.10.2.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200010)48:4<624::AID-ANA9>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-307815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12292"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44090-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199902)45:2<168::AID-ANA6>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323960"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10124-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324837"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa433"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab279"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14860"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2021.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-321890"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v10.i6.1896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-006-0710-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073818825213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540190051014"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jns.12612","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T04:15:02Z","timestamp":1723695302000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jns.12612"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jns.12612"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jns.12612","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1085-9489","1529-8027"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1085-9489","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-8027","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}