{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T04:48:45Z","timestamp":1782103725656,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R21NS119867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21NS119867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Peripheral Nervous Sys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Understanding of population\u2010level outcomes for patients with Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) remains limited. We identified which GBS patients are most likely to experience worse outcomes using the largest and most current GBS cohort in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective cohort study used 2005\u20132020 fee\u2010for\u2010service Medicare claims to identify individuals newly diagnosed with GBS (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916\u2009280). We used three person\u2010level modified Poisson regressions to estimate hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) lengths of stay and GBS episode length as a function of sociodemographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, and year of diagnosis. We also documented hospital\u2010acquired pressure ulcers and deep vein thromboses as quality indicators.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median hospital length of stay was 9\u2009days [IQR: 6\u201318\u2009days] and median GBS episode length was 26\u2009days [IQR: 10\u201360\u2009days]. Approximately 43% of patients spent time in the ICU, with most of those stays (57%) lasting \u2264\u20091\u2009week. On average, stays and episodes were significantly longer for men, those with a disability, and those diagnosed with an impulse control disorder, other nervous system diagnoses, or certain cancers, but significantly shorter for Black individuals and those dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. Most patients avoided developing pressure ulcers (96%) or deep vein thromboses (91%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The GBS disease course varies significantly among Medicare enrollees. We identified some factors associated with worse GBS outcomes and others suggesting structural barriers to care. Our findings can improve care delivery by helping clinicians identify high\u2010risk patients, facilitate early interventions, and reduce morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.70094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T06:10:29Z","timestamp":1767075029000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient Outcomes Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2674-4951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brad","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8612-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha R.","family":"Eiffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abagail","family":"Cirincione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Nardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of North Carolina School of Medicine  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"James F.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of North Carolina School of Medicine  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0611-1302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca E.","family":"Traub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of North Carolina School of Medicine  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00339-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20620"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","article-title":"Plasma Exchange for Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 Syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Chevret S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2013.02.328"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-301882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"764","article-title":"Neuromuscular Respiratory Failure in Guillain Barre Syndrome. 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